Systemic Innovation

Dimitri Uzunidis is a Professor of Political Economy and the Honorary President of the Innovation Research Network in France. He has directed and edited several journals and collections on the study of innovation and paradigmatic change. As a specialist in change, he provides expertise for various international organizations.

• General Introduction: Systemic Innovations and Transformation of Organizational Models xiDimitri UZUNIDISChapter 1. Enterprise Through the Lens of Agility, Creativity and Monitoring Method Combinations 1Stéphane GORIA1.1. Introduction 11.2. Agility and its manifesto 21.3. Agility and the design process 41.4. Agility and creativity 71.5. Agility and decision-making 91.6. Innovation-oriented agile monitoring 121.7. Conclusion 141.8. References 15Chapter 2. Science Fiction: A Strategic Approach for Innovative Organizations 19Thomas MICHAUD2.1. Introduction 192.2. Science fiction, a futuristic fantasy for engineers and innovators 212.2.1. The scientific imagination behind major discoveries 212.2.2. Examples: virtual reality and the conquest of Mars 222.3. Science fiction and creativity: new approaches 252.3.1. Design fiction, a method for stimulating creativity 252.3.2. Science fiction prototyping 272.4. Towards a theory of technotypes 272.4.1. Utopian technologies and the technological utopianism of American culture 282.4.2. Technotypes, structures of the technical imaginary 312.5. Conclusion 332.6. References 34Chapter 3. The Management of Inventive Knowledge: From Inventive Intellectual Corpus to Innovation 37Pierre SAULAIS and Jean-Louis ERMINE3.1. Introduction 373.2. From knowledge capital to knowledge management 383.3. Knowledge-based knowledge management 403.4. The knowledge capital and the inventive intellectual corpus 423.4.1. Knowledge capital 423.4.2. The inventive intellectual corpus and the dematerialized knowledge object 433.4.3. The inventive intellectual corpus at the heart of innovation 433.5. The virtuous cycle of knowledge management 453.6. The MASK method 463.6.1. MASK II: Analysis of knowledge capital 473.6.2. MASK I: Capitalization of knowledge capital 483.6.3. MASK III: Sharing the knowledge capital 483.6.4. MASK IV: Evolution of the knowledge capital 493.7. Illustrations with real cases from “economic reality” 503.7.1. Strategic analysis and capitalization: the case of IRSN 503.7.2. Transfer: the case of Sonatrach 533.7.3. Innovation: the case of ONERA 583.8. Conclusion 623.9. References 63Chapter 4. Evolution of Firms Trajectories and Innovation: Knowledge Capital and Financial Opportunities 67Blandine LAPERCHE4.1. Introduction 674.2. Technological and firms trajectories 684.2.1. Technological paradigms and trajectories: first definitions 684.2.2. Paradigms, regimes and trajectories: empirical studies 694.2.3. The firm’s trajectory or evolutionary path 714.3. The formation of trajectories: knowledge capital and financial opportunities 734.3.1. Dynamic capabilities and knowledge capital 734.3.2. The collective dimension of trajectories and its consequences 754.3.3. Financial opportunities, firm evolution and technical change 774.4. Conclusion 794.5. References 79Chapter 5. From Shared Inventions to Competitive Innovations: Networks and Enterprise Automation Strategies 85Michel VIGEZZI and Dimitri UZUNIDIS5.1. Introduction 855.2. Applications of recent concepts in automation: social dynamics, shared inventions and competitive innovations 875.2.1. Shared inventions… 875.2.2. Competitive innovations 905.2.3. Social dynamics 935.2.4. What coherences are there between shared inventions and competitive innovations? 945.3. “Phase 1” automation: machine inventions, networks of inventors and jobs 945.3.1. The discoveries of these shared inventions 955.3.2. Networks and shared inventions 965.4. Phase 2 automation: innovations and sets of machines, networks and work dimensions 1005.4.1. Automation and changes in work 1005.5. Conclusion 1055.6. References 106Chapter 6. Technologies and Inter-industrial Collaborations: A Patent Analysis 111Didier LEBERT and François-Xavier MEUNIER6.1. Introduction 1116.2. Method: the co-patent multigraph 1126.3. Data and descriptive statistics 1166.4. A structural look at R&D cooperation: results and discussion 1246.5. Conclusion 1336.6. Appendix 1356.7. References 141Chapter 7. Technological Change and Environmental Transition: Lessons from the Case of the Automobile 143Smaïl AÏT-EL-HADJ7.1. Introduction 1437.2. Encountering a major technological limit: the environmental limitation 1447.2.1. Technological system dynamics 1447.2.2. Nature and forms of the environmental limit 1457.3. The irruption of the environmental limit as a determining/dominant factor in technological change: the case of automotive system technology 1467.3.1. The environmental limit of the automotive system 1477.3.2. Corrective action of a social, fiscal and regulatory nature 1497.3.3. Forms and stages of technological change in road transport 1537.4. The environmental limit as a factor of a major technological change 1577.4.1. Nature and actions of environmental limits 1577.4.2. Generation of a new change regime 1587.5. Conclusion 1607.6. References 161Chapter 8. The Transformation of Defense Innovation Systems: Knowledge Bases, Disruptive Technologies and Operational Capabilities 163Pierre BARBAROUX8.1. Introduction 1638.2. The evolution of knowledge bases: duality and complexity 1658.2.1. Dual-use technology 1658.2.2. Knowledge complexity and scientific intensity 1688.3. The disruptive impact of technology: artificial intelligence and autonomous systems 1698.3.1. AI: definitions and sources of legitimacy 1708.4. The transformation of military capabilities: network-centric warfare and multi-domain C2 1748.4.1. First step: network-centric warfare (NCW) 1748.4.2. Second step: multi-domain command and control (MDC2) 1768.5. Conclusion 1788.6. References 178Chapter 9. Nanotechnologies and Business Intelligence: Challenges of Information Valorization and Knowledge Creation 183Jean-Louis MONINO9.1. Introduction 1839.2. Overview of nanotechnology and its economic and technical potential. 1849.2.1. Understanding nanotechnology 1859.2.2. The challenges of nanotechnology 1889.2.3. The limits of nanotechnology 1909.3. Business intelligence 1929.3.1. History and definition of business intelligence 1929.3.2. Information at the heart of business intelligence 1939.4. Business intelligence and nanotechnology 1959.4.1. Examples: quantum computers, RFID chips 1969.4.2. Nanotechnology in industry 1979.4.3. What are the limits and stakes? 1999.5. Conclusion 2009.6. References 201Chapter 10. When Innovation Innovates: How Artificial Intelligence Challenges the Patent System 205Marc BAUDRY and Beatrice DUMONT10.1. Introduction 20510.2. Definitions and evolution over time of AI technologies 20710.3. The difficult issue of the patentability of AI 20910.3.1. The patent subject-matter eligibility of AI technologies 20910.3.2. Who should be listed as the inventor? 21310.3.3. Liability for patent infringement by AI 21510.4. AI patents in light of economic theory 21610.4.1. The rationale for granting patents 21610.4.2. AI patents, incremental inventions and legal implications 21810.5. Conclusion 22010.6. References 221Chapter 11. Conflicting Standards and Innovation in Energy Transition 223Stéphane CALLENS11.1. Introduction: a change of culture 22311.2. Green innovations and standardization 22511.2.1. Regulatory quality defined on the basis of a relationship between standards and innovation 22811.2.2. Another multi-level management: sovereignty and innovation 23011.3. The conflict of standards: globalization, sovereignty and democracy 23211.3.1. Acting solely through taxation? 23211.3.2. Acting solely through local and regional authorities? 23411.3.3. The conflict of standards: Europe and the United States 23511.4. The energy transition: a natural experiment 24011.5. Conclusion 24111.6. References 242List of Authors 245Index 247