This book offers a re-examination of the relationship between humans and nature with a new methodology: by examining our entanglement with machines. Using central ideas of critical theory, it uncovers the suppression of nature through technology, tools and engines. It focuses on the ways in which human social forms have actively subjugated and destroyed other species in order to enhance their own social power and accumulation, leading to a new Anthropocene epoch in which human intervention is signalled in the geological record. Beginning with an account of the interactions between humans and other species, the book moves on to explore the hidden history of Marx and his obsession with machines, as well as new attempts to rethink a Marxist ecology, before proceeding to examine the manner in which technologies were used to suppress and destroy one particular species - the Whale of what we call the Cetacean Holocaust. Following this, there are analyses of the emergence of the ‘human encampments’ of the cities and the rise of mobile, locomotive cultures, and consideration of the relationship between machines of memory, and the ‘capturing’ of nature. A radical rethinking of classical social theory that develops new ways of thinking about ecological catastrophe and nature, this book will appeal to scholars of social theory and environmental sociology.
Martyn Hudson is an associate researcher in the School of Arts and Cultures at Newcastle University, and author of The Slave Ship, Memory and the Origins of Modernity, and .Ghosts, Landscapes and Social Memory
ContentsAcknowledgementsPreface1. Introduction: Nature, Species and Machines1.1. The Significance of the Cambridge Declaration1.2. Anthropocene Cultures and Signals1.3. The Rise of the Machines1.4. Marc Bloch and the Machine1.5. Classical Sociology and the Machine1.6. Machine Aesthetics1.7. Species, Human ‘Nature’ and Machines2. Marx and the Machines2.1. Marxism and Nature2.2. Reading the Grundrisse2.3. John Bellamy Foster and the Metabolic Rift2.4. Engels, Manchester and Machines2.5. Engels and Nature2.6. The Futures of Nature3. The Cetacean Holocaust3.1. Eternal Treblinka3.2. The Human Invasion3.3. The Cetacean Holocaust Begins3.4. Scoresby and the Greenland Trade3.5. Melville’s Modernity4. The Human Encampments4.1. Theorising Campitude4.2. Camps of Extinction, Refuge and Flight4.3. Camps of Secessia4.4. The Meaning of Human Camps4.5. The Metropolis and Modernity5. Locomotive Cultures5.1. Motive-power, Technics and the Hand5.2. Technics and Leroi-Gourhan5.3. The Locomotive as Dream5.4. The Locomotive as Nightmare5.5. Metabolic Vehicles6. Memory, Animals and Nature6.1. Documenting the Arctic and Antarctic6.2. Cetacean Memory6.3. Seeing and Listening to Animals6.4. Rethinking Dominion6.5. Biology, Species and Memory6.6. Archives of Cetacea6.7. In the Belly of the Whale7. Natures, Cultures, Futures7.1. Labour, Reproduction and Nature7.2. The Animal Counter-republics7.3. The Field, the Forest and the IslandBibliography