Political and Economic Challenges of Energy in the Middle East and North Africa

David Ramin Jalilvand works with the Middle East and North Africa department of the Friedrich-Ebert-Foundation in Berlin. He holds a PhD in Political Science from the Free University of Berlin, examining the role of the energy sector in the political economy of Iran. He earned an MSc in Global Politics from the London School of Economics and Political Science and a BA in Government Studies from Erfurt University. During his undergraduate studies, he spent one year at the Moscow State Institute for International Relations. He specializes in energy and international politics, especially in the Middle East.Kirsten Westphal is Senior Associate at the German Institute for Politics and Security in Berlin (SWP). In the Global Issues Division, she works on international energy relations and energy security issues. Her expertise are in global energy issues and security of supply (oil and gas); renewables; international energy governance; non-conventional oil and gas; EU foreign energy relations with the USA, Russia, Caspian Region, MENA; and emerging powers Brazil, China, India, and South Africa.

• IntroductionDavid Ramin Jalilvand and Kirsten WestphalChapter 1 – Regional trends after the dissolution of "old orders" in the Middle East and North AfricaGuido Steinberg and Isabelle WerenfelsChapter 2 – The Price War, OPEC and the Future of the MENA RegionGiacomo LucianiChapter 3 – Global Gas and LNG markets: The role for MENA countriesAnne-Sophie CorbeauChapter 4 – Renewable Energy: a recent, but dynamic trend in the MENA regionSybille Röhrkasten and Mohammed QaderChapter 5 – The energy-climate-water nexus in the MENA region and the need for an integrate approachThomas Fink and Manfred FischedickChapter 6 – Oil and Resilience: Changing Energy Dynamics and the Smaller Gulf StatesLaura El-KatiriChapter 7 – Iranian energy between Nuclear Deal and Oil Price DeclineDavid Ramin JalilvandChapter 8 – Struggling with low oil prices: from bad to worse in crisis-torn Iraq?Luay Al KhatteebChapter 9 – In Dire Need of a New Social Contract: Saudi Arabia’s Socioeconomic and Political ChallengesSebastian SonsChapter 10 – The Eastern Mediterranean - an energy region in the makingCharles EllinasChapter 11 – Cyprus: Energy Hopes and Political TroublesHarry Tzimitras and Ayla GurelChapter 12 – The impact of natural gas discoveries on Israeli politics, geopolitics and socioeconomic discourseElai RettigChapter 13 – Jordan: Overcoming Energy InsecurityAyoub Abu-DayyehChapter 14 – Turkey: In Between Global Trends and Regional PoliticsEllen Scholl Chapter 15 – Energy Politics in Egypt: A Quick Fix for Economic ProblemsStephan Roll and Mahmoud IbrahimChapter 16 – Algeria: Global challenges, regional threats and missed opportunitiesGonzalo EscribanoChapter 17 – Energy security, sustainability and development in MoroccoGeorgeta AuktorChapter 18 – The energy-security nexus in MENA region – Appraising the role of the US, the EU, Russia and ChinaKirsten WestphalConclusions and OutlookDavid Ramin Jalilvand and Kirsten Westphal

"This book investigates how deep changes in the world of global energy are adding to the profound political and economic crises and conflicts of the Middle East and North Africa. Examining this interplay from numerous angles, the book’s findings provide very important insights into this extremely complex and volatile part of the world." - Dr. h.c. Gernot Erler, Former Minister of State at the German Federal Foreign Office."The problematic nexus between energy and politics lies at the heart of developments in the Middle East and North Africa today. The ambition of this book is to explore that nexus comprehensively, in all its complex dimensions: domestic and international; and social, economic and political. No other major work has attempted so wide-ranging an analysis. The remarkable achievement of the book is that it integrates the diverse elements effectively, providing an interpretation which significantly advances our understanding of this complex and highly Important region." - Professor Timothy C. Niblock, University of Exeter, UK."This is a comprehensive study of the dynamics between geopolitics and energy, specifically between 2010 and 2016, which fills a gap in current research. It addresses the recent shifts in politics and societies in the energy sector, looking at geopolitics and energy and their dynamics in the MENA region. An extremely timely and relevant work." - Professor Volker Perthes, Stiftung Wissenschaft und Politik, German Institue for International and Security Affairs, Berlin.