Nutrition During Pregnancy

In Part I of Nutrition During Pregnancy, the authors call for revisions in recommended weight gains for pregnant women. They explore relationships between weight gain during pregnancy and a variety of factors (e.g., the mother's weight for height before pregnancy) and places this in the context of the health of the infant and the mother. They present specific target ranges for weight gain during pregnancy and guidelines for proper measurement. Part II addresses vitamin and mineral supplementation during pregnancy, examining the adequacy of diet in meeting nutrient needs during pregnancy and recommending specific amounts of supplements for special circumstances. It also covers the effects of caffeine, alcohol, cigarette, marijuana, and cocaine use and presents specific research recommendations. Table of Contents Front Matter 1 Summary Part I Nutritional Status and Weight Gain 2 Introduction 3 Historical Trends in Clinical Practice, Maternal Nutritional Status, and the Course and Outcome of Pregnancy 4 Assessment of Gestational Weight Gain 5 Total Amount and Pattern of Weight Gain: Physiologic and Maternal Determinants 6 Body Composition Changes During Pregnancy 7 Energy Requirements, Energy Intake, and Associated Weight Gain During Pregnancy 8 Effects of Gestational Weight Gain on Outcome in Singleton Pregnancies 9 Weight Gain in Twin Pregnancies 10 Causality and Opportunities for Intervention Part II Dietary Intake and Nutrient Supplements 11 Introduction 12 Assessment of Nutrient Needs 13 Dietary Intake During Pregnancy 14 Iron Nutrition During Pregnancy 15 Trace Elements 16 Calcium, Vitamin D, and Magnesium 17 Vitamins, A, E, and K 18 Water-Soluble Vitamins 19 Protein and Amino Acids 20 Substance Use and Abuse During Pregnancy 21 Periconceptional Vitamin Supplementation and Neural Tube Defects Appendixes Acronyms Glossary Index