Clinical laboratory tests play an integral role in helping physicians diagnose and treat patients. New developments in laboratory technology offer the prospect of improvements in diagnosis and care, but will place an increased burden on the payment system. Medicare, the federal program providing coverage of health-care services for the elderly and disabled, is the largest payer of clinical laboratory services. Originally designed in the early 1980s, Medicare's payment policy methodology for outpatient laboratory services has not evolved to take into account technology, market, and regulatory changes, and is now outdated. This report examines the current Medicare payment methodology for outpatient clinical laboratory services in the context of environmental and technological trends, evaluates payment policy alternatives, and makes recommendations to improve the system.
Dianne Miller Wolman, Andrea L. Kalfoglou, and Lauren LeRoy, Editors, Committee on Medicare Payment Methodology for Clinical Laboratory Services, Division of Health Care Services
1 Front Matter; 2 Summary; 3 1 Introduction; 4 2 Background and Environmental Trends; 5 3 Technology Trends in the Clinical Laboratory Industry; 6 4 Description of the Current Medicare Payment System and Its Historical Roots; 7 5 The Current System: How Well Does It Work?; 8 6 Alternative Payment Methodologies; 9 7 Recommendations; 10 Acronyms and Glossary; 11 Appendix A: Acknowledgments; 12 Appendix B: Medicare Clinical Laboratory Payments: The National Limitation Amount and Its Relationship to Payment Amounts; 13 Appendix C: Study of Fees and Payment System Characteristics for Clinical Laboratory Services; 14 Appendix D: Annual Volume of Laboratory Tests by Laboratory Type and Waived-Nonwaived Test Status, 1996-1998, 1999-Early 2000; 15 Appendix E: 1998 Medicare Carrier Denial Rates; 16 Appendix F: Committee Biographies
National Research Council, Division of Behavioral and Social Sciences and Education, Institute of Medicine, and Families Board on Children, Youth, Steve Olson
Institute of Medicine, Board on the Health of Select Populations, and Transgender Health Issues and Research Gaps and Opportunities Committee on Lesbian, Gay, Bisexual
Institute of Medicine, Board on Population Health and Public Health Practice, Division of Health Promotion and Disease Prevention, Division of International Health
Institute of Medicine, Committee to Develop Methods Useful to the Department of Veteran Affairs in Estimating Its Physician Requirements, Joseph Lipscomb
Institute of Medicine, Committee on Optimizing Graduate Medical Trainee (Resident) Hours and Work Schedules to Improve Patient Safety, Michael M.E. Johns, Dianne Miller Wolman, Cheryl Ulmer
Institute of Medicine, Board on Health Care Services, Committee on Standards for Developing Trustworthy Clinical Practice Guidelines, Earl Steinberg, Sheldon Greenfield, Dianne Miller Wolman, Michelle Mancher, Robin Graham
National Research Council, Division of Behavioral and Social Sciences and Education, Institute of Medicine, Commission on Behavioral and Social Sciences and Education, Committee on National Statistics, Division of Health Care Services, Panel on the National Health Care Survey
Institute of Medicine, Division of Health Care Services, Committee on Medicare Coverage Extensions, Lee Zwanziger, Robert L. Lawrence, Marilyn J. Field
Institute of Medicine, Division of Health Promotion and Disease Prevention, Division of Health Care Services, Committee on Immunization Finance Policies and Practices