Measurement and calculation of radon releases from NORM residues

This publication provides a comprehensive overview of the prediction, measurement and monitoring of radon releases from NORM residues, including uranium mining and milling residues. It presents factors controlling radon emanation and exhalation from residue materials, repository cover characteristics, methods for predicting radon exhalation flux (including models and the required input parameters and variables), measurement methods for radon concentration in soil gas and for radon exhalation from a surface, and radon monitoring programmes. The publication also includes a case study of radon exhalation from uranium tailings pile at Jaduguda, India, and annexes presenting mathematical development of radon diffusion equations.