Waste management poses increasing challenges to both the protection of the environment and to human health. To face these challenges, this book claims that environmental law needs to shift attention from media-specific pollution regimes to integrative life-cycle approaches of waste management i.e., from the prevention of waste generation to the actual handling of wastes. Furthermore, the cooperation of States and the establishment of coordinated activities is essential because states can no longer have separate standards for wastes posing transboundary risks and for ‘purely domestic’ wastes. Drawing upon both International and EU law, the book provides a detailed analysis of the regimes set up to deal with the transboundary movement of wastes and ship-source pollution, so as to elucidate the obligations and legal principles governing such regimes. It concludes that treaty obligations concerning transboundary movements of wastes are inapplicable to ship wastes while on board ships and on land. However, despite the limitations of the transboundary movement of wastes regime, the principle of Environmentally Sound Management (ESM) embodied in this regime has gradually transformed into a legal principle. ESM works to address the legal gaps in the regulation of wastes, and consequently, it provides the desired coherence to the legal system since it acts as a bridge between several regulatory and sectoral levels. Furthermore, ESM offers a new light with which to understand and interpret existing obligations, and it provides a renewed impetus to regimes that directly and indirectly govern wastes. This impetus translates into greater coordination and the establishment of cross-sectional policies.By offering alternative ways to solve problems linked to the management of ship wastes in the sea-land interface, this book will appeal to anyone with an interest in International Environmental Law.
Gabriela Argüello received her PhD from the University of Gothenburg, Sweden
TABLE OF CONTENTSAbbreviationsList of figures and tables Part I: PreliminariesChapter 1: IntroductionBackgroundA life-cycle approach to waste managementThe relevance of international law in the regulation of wastesESM and sustainable developmentTheoretical frameworkChapter 2: Environmentally Sound Management of Wastes (ESM) ESM: its rolesLegal status of ESM: from policy objective and treaty obligation to customary lawSovereignty and ESMConcluding remarks: ESM and permanent sovereignty over natural resources 3. WastesA re-examination of the legal concept of wasteShip wastesWastes subject to transboundary movements of wastesTransboundary movement of wastes and ship wastes: an analysis of Article 195 of the LOSCConcluding remarksPart II: Regulation of transboundary movements of wastes and ship wastesChapter 4: Transboundary movements of wastesFrom transboundary pollution to pollution transferThe Basel ConventionThe OECD legal framework of transboundary movements of wastesEU law and shipments of wastesConcluding remarksChapter 5: Ship-source PollutionMarine pollutionAn overview on ship-source marine pollutionMARPOLEU and ship wastesConcluding remarksPart III: The ESM of wastesChapter 6: The sea/land interface waste management dilemmaGenesis of the controversy at the international levelBlending operations on board ships: the initial controversyThe management of ship wastes on land: the current controversyThe EU and the management of ship wastes in their sea/land interfaceChapter 7: ESM and the transboundary movement of waste regime The growing importance of ESM within the Basel regimeLegal nature of the ESM obligationESM: meaning and substantive contentESM at the OECD levelESM at the EU levelConcluding RemarksChapter 8: The ESM of ship wastes: the sea/land interfaceThe ESM of ship wastes at the international levelThe ESM of ship wastes at the EU levelForthcoming regulation on port reception facilities PART IV: ConclusionsChapter 9: The management of ship wastes: the sea-land interfaceConflicts of lawChapter 10: International Law and (ship) waste managementThe integrative function of ESM: possibilities and limitationsFinal reflectionAppendix I: Management of cargo residues (MARPOL, Annex II) in the Baltic Sea areaAppendix II: Survey results concerning the collection of cargo residues (MARPOL, Annex II) in the Baltic Sea areaReferencesInternational treatiesEuropean Union LawTable of casesBibliographyInternational documentationEuropean Union documentationNational DocumentationMiscellaneous