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This timely book analyzes the governing experiences of the nine major pro-leftist governments in Latin America. The individual country case study chapters are preceded by chapters that frame the discussion by considering the theoretical implications of the Pink Tide experience relating to globalization, the state, and neo-extractivism. The contributors examine the Pink Tide policies and rhetoric that gained widespread approval and led to the long tenure of many of these governments. These included ambitious social programs, prioritizing the needs of the poor, nationalistic foreign policy, economic nationalism, and asserting control of strategic sectors of the economy. The book continues by taking a critical look at policies that have contributed to recent setbacks, acknowledging the inability of progressive governments to overcome embedded structures holding back economic development. One such setback has come from the opposition—often supported by powerful foreign actors—pressuring the government into making concessions and carrying out policies that ultimately undermined economic and political stability. The contributors critically examine these policies, which were politically successful in the short run but eventually backfired in the form of corruption, bureaucratic waste, and economic sluggishness. With its balanced and thorough assessment, this book will provide readers with a deep and nuanced understanding of the complexity of the political, economic, and sociocultural reality of contemporary Latin America and the Caribbean.
Steve Ellner is associate managing editor of Latin American Perspectives.
Foreword Boaventura de Sousa SantosIntroduction: Latin America’s Pink Tide Governments: Challenges, Breakthroughs, and Setbacks Steve EllnerPART I: THEORETICAL OVERVIEW Introduction 1 Latin America’s Pink Tide: The Straitjacket of Global Capitalism William I. Robinson2 Has the Pink Tide Cycle Come to an End? Will It Have a Long-Lasting Impact? Steve Ellner3 Walking the “Tightrope” of Socialist Governance: A Strategic Relational Analysis of Twenty-First-Century Socialism Marcel NelsonPART II: THE SOUTHERN CONE: BRAZIL, URUGUAY, AND ARGENTINA Introduction 4 The Limits of Pragmatism: The Rise and Fall of the Brazilian Workers’ Party (2002–2016) Pedro Mendes Loureiro and Alfredo Saad-Filho5 The Frente Amplio Governments in Uruguay: Policy Strategies and Results Nicolás Bentancur and José Miguel Busquets6 Kirchnerism in Latin America’s Anti-neoliberal Cycle Mabel Thwaites Rey and Jorge Orovitz SanmartinoPART III: THE RADICAL PINK TIDE: VENEZUELA, BOLIVIA, AND ECUADOR Introduction 7 Class Strategies in Chavista Venezuela: Pragmatic and Populist Policies in a Broader Context Steve Ellner8 An Opportunity Squandered? Elites, Social Movements, and the Bolivian Government of Evo Morales Linda Farthing9 Left Populism, Democracy, State Building and the Ephemeral Counterhegemony of the Citizens’ Revolution in Ecuador Patrick Clark and Jacobo García10 Neo-extractivism, Class Formations, and the Pink Tide: Considerations on the Venezuelan Case Luis Fernando Angosto-FerrándezPART IV: CENTRAL AMERICA: NICARAGUA, EL SALVADOR, AND MEXICOIntroduction 11 The Rise and Fall of Sandinista Alliances as a Means of Sociopolitical Change in NicaraguaHéctor M. Cruz-Feliciano12 The Limits of Change: El Salvador’s FMLN in Power Hilary Goodfriend13 The Last Surfer to Hit the Beach: Mexico and the “Pink Tide” John M. AckermanIndex About the Contributors
This text offers the richness of empirical details and the comparative project that seeks patterns and explanations. As part of the "Latin American Perspectives in the Classroom" series, it gives students at every level a comprehensive overview of two decades of Latin American political history; it is, however, also a valuable contribution to original scholarship on the subject.