"Landgraf writes with refreshing clarity, showing how neocybernetics—systems theory in the line from Heinz von Foerster to Niklas Luhmann—offers concepts that resolve prior impasses in theoretical approaches to improvisation. His nuanced treatments of Derrida and Luhmann on modernity and invention rival Cary Wolfe's seminal work at this important intersection. Landgraf's itinerary modulates effectively from keen textual detail to broad historical and aesthetic matters. Establishing links from German Romantic practice to classical, premodern, modernist, and postmodernist artistic forms, Improvisation as Art develops a superbly coherent and persuasive argument, well positioned in the midst of significant and timely critical debates." -- Bruce Clarke, Professor of Literature and Science, Texas Tech University, USA, and co-editor of The Routledge Companion to Literature and Science.