Endoscopic Spinal Surgery

Kai-Uwe Lewandrowski MDClinical Assistant Professor, University of Arizona; Spinal Surgeon, Center for Advanced Spinal Surgery of Southern ArizonaSang-Ho Lee MD, PhDPresident, Wooridul Spine Hospital Group, South KoreaMenno IprenburgOrthopaedic Surgeon, Rugkliniek Iprenburg, Veenhuizen, Netherlands

• Section 1 – Introduction1 History of endoscopic spinal surgery2 Instruments for spinal endoscopy3 Relevant neuroanatomy of the lumbar motion segment4 Anaesthetic consideration for endoscopic spinal surgerySection 2 - C-Spine5 Anterior percutaneous cervical discectomy6 Percutaneous endoscopic cervical discectomy and stablization7 Endoscopic anterior cervical discectomy8 Posterior cervical microendoscopic discectomy and foraminotomy9 Posterior cervical endoscopic foraminotomy10 Endoscopically  assisted posterior cervical foraminotomy Section 3 - T-Spine11 Percutaneous endoscopic thoracic discectomy and facetoplasty12 Thoracoscopic discectomy13 CT-guided percutaneous endoscopic thoracic discectomy14 Thoracoscopic assisted mini-thoracotomy, corpectomy and fusion Section 4 - L-Spine15 Percutaneous endoscopic lumbar discectomy: transforaminal approach16 Percutaneous endoscopic lumbar discectomy: outside-in v. inside-out technique17 Percutaneous endoscopic lumbar discectomy: interlaminar approach18 Percutaneous endoscopic lumbar foraminoplasty19 Percutaneous endoscopic lumbar annuloplasty20 Endoscopically assisted transforaminal percutaneous TLIF21 Endoscopy of the aging spine22 Indications for endoscopic spinal stenosis surgery23 Complications following lumbar spinal endoscopy Section 5 - Miscellaneous24 Procedural classification and coding problems