Elements of Electromagnetics

Matthew Sadiku is Professor of Electrical Engineering at Prairie View A&M University and a fellow of IEEE.

• BRIEF TABLE OF CONTENTSTABLE OF CONTENTSPREFACEA NOTE TO THE STUDENTMATH ASSESSMENTPART 1: VECTOR ANALYSIS1. VECTOR ALGEBRA--1.1 Introduction--1.2 A Preview of the Book--1.3 Scalars and Vectors--1.4 Unit Vector--1.5 Vector Addition and Subtraction--1.6 Position and Distance Vectors--1.7 Vector Multiplication--1.8 Components of a Vector---Summary---Review Questions---Problems2. COORDINATE SYSTEMS AND TRANSFORMATION--2.1 Introductio--2.2 Cartesian Coordinates (x, y, z)--2.3 Circular Cylindrical Coordinates (r, f, z)--2.4 Spherical Coordinates (r, u, f)--2.5 Constant-Coordinate Surfaces---Summary---Review Questions---Problems3. VECTOR CALCULUS--3.1 Introduction--3.2 Differential Length, Area, and Volume--3.3 Line, Surface, and Volume Integrals--3.4 Del Operator--3.5 Gradient of a Scalar--3.6 Divergence of a Vector and Divergence Theorem--3.7 Curl of a Vector and Stokes's Theorem--3.8 Laplacian of a Scalar--3.9 Classification of Vector Fields---Summary---Review Questions---ProblemsPART 2: ELECTROSTATICS4. ELECTROSTATIC FIELDS--4.1 Introduction--4.2 Coulomb's Law and Field Intensity--4.3 Electric Fields Due to Continuous Charge Distributions--4.4 Electric Flux Density--4.5 Gauss's Law-Maxwell's Equation--4.6 Applications of Gauss's Law--4.7 Electric Potential--4.8 Relationship between E and V-Maxwell's Equation--4.9 An Electric Dipole and Flux Lines--4.10 Energy Density in Electrostatic Fields--4.11 Application Note-Electrostatic Discharge---Summary---Review Questions---Problems5. ELECTRIC FIELDS IN MATERIAL SPACE--5.1 Introduction--5.2 Properties of Materials--5.3 Convection and Conduction Currents--5.4 Conductors--5.5 Polarization in Dielectrics--5.6 Dielectric Constant and Strength--5.7 Linear, Isotropic, and Homogeneous Dielectrics--5.8 Continuity Equation and Relaxation Time--5.9 Boundary Conditions--5.10 Application Note-High Dielectric Constant Materials--5.11 Application Note-Graphene--5.12 Application Note - Piezoelectrics---Summary---Review Questions---Problems6. ELECTROSTATIC BOUNDARY-VALUE PROBLEMS--6.1 Introduction--6.2 Poisson's and Laplace's Equations--6.3 Uniqueness Theorem--6.4 General Procedures for Solving Poisson's or Laplace's Equation--6.5 Resistance and Capacitance--6.6 Method of Images--6.7 Application Note-Capacitance of Microstrip Lines--6.8 Application Note-RF MEMS--6.9 Application NOte-Supercapacitors---Summary---Review Questions---ProblemsPART 3: MAGNETOSTATICS7. MAGNETOSTATIC FIELDS--7.1 Introduction--7.2 Biot-Savart's Law--7.3 Ampère's Circuit Law-Maxwell's Equation--7.4 Applications of Ampère's Law--7.5 Magnetic Flux Density-Maxwell's Equation--7.6 Maxwell's Equations for Static Fields--7.7 Magnetic Scalar and Vector Potentials--7.8 Derivation of Biot-Savart's Law and Ampère's Law--7.9 Application Note-Lightning--7.10 Application Note-Polywell---Summary---Review Questions---Problems8. MAGNETIC FORCES, MATERIALS, AND DEVICES--8.1 Introduction--8.2 Forces Due to Magnetic Fields--8.3 Magnetic Torque and Moment--8.4 A Magnetic Dipole--8.5 Magnetization in Materials--8.6 Classification of Materials--8.7 Magnetic Boundary Conditions--8.8 Inductors and Inductances--8.9 Magnetic Energy--8.10 Magnetic Circuits--8.11 Force on Magnetic Materials--8.12 Application Note-Magnetic Levitation--8.13 Application Note-SQUIDs---Summary---Review Questions---ProblemsPART 4: WAVES AND APPLICATIONS9. MAXWELL'S EQUATIONS--9.1 Introduction--9.2 Faraday's Law--9.3 Transformer and Motional Electromotive Forces--9.4 Displacement Current--9.5 Maxwell's Equations in Final Forms--9.6 Time-Varying Potentials--9.7 Time-Harmonic Fields--9.8 Application Note-Memristor--9.9 Application Note-Optical Nanocircuits--9.10 Application Note-Wireless Power Transfer and Qi Standard---Summary---Review Questions---Problems10. ELECTROMAGNETIC WAVE PROPAGATION--10.1 Introduction--10.2 Waves in General--10.3 Wave Propagation in Lossy Dielectrics--10.4 Plane Waves in Lossless Dielectrics--10.5 Plane Waves in Free Space--10.6 Plane Waves in Good Conductors--10.7 Wave Polarization--10.8 Power and the Poynting Vector--10.9 Reflection of a Plane Wave at Normal Incidence--10.10 Reflection of a Plane Wave at Oblique Incidence--10.11 Application Note-Microwaves--10.12 Application Note-60 GHz Technology---Summary---Review Questions---Problems11. TRANSMISSION LINES--11.1 Introduction--11.2 Transmission Line Parameters--11.3 Transmission Line Equations--11.4 Input Impedance, Standing Wave Ratio, and Power--11.5 The Smith Chart--11.6 Some Applications of Transmission Lines--11.7 Transients on Transmission Lines 574--11.8 Application Notes-Microstrip Lines and Characterization of Data Cables--11.9 Application Note-Metamaterials--11.10 Application Note-Microwave Imaging---Summary---Review Questions---Problems12. WAVEGUIDES--12.1 Introduction--12.2 Rectangular Waveguides--12.3 Transverse Magnetic (TM) Modes--12.4 Transverse Electric (TE) Modes--12.5 Wave Propagation in the Guide--12.6 Power Transmission and Attenuation--12.7 Waveguide Current and Mode Excitation--12.8 Waveguide Resonators--12.9 Application Note-Optical Fiber--12.10 Application Note-Cloaking and Invisibility---Summary---Review Questions---Problems13. ANTENNAS--13.1 Introduction--13.2 Hertzian Dipole--13.3 Half-Wave Dipole Antenna--13.4 Quarter-Wave Monopole Antenna--13.5 Small-Loop Antenna--13.6 Antenna Characteristics--13.7 Antenna Arrays--13.8 Effective Area and the Friis Equation--13.9 The Radar Equation--13.10 Application Note-Electromagnetic Interference and Compatibility--13.11 Application Note-Textile Antennas and Sensors--13.12 Application Note-Fractal Antennas---Summary---Review Questions---Problems14. NUMERICAL METHODS--14.1 Introduction--14.2 Field Plotting--14.3 The Finite Difference Method--14.4 The Moment Method--14.5 The Finite Element Method--14.6 Application Note-Microstrip Lines---Summary---Review Questions---ProblemsAPPENDIX A: Mathematical FormulasAPPENDIX B: Material ConstantsAPPENDIX C: MATLABAPPENDIX D: The Complete Smith ChartAPPENDIX E: Answers to Odd-Numbered ProblemsINDEX

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