Michael P. Fischerkeller is a researcher in the Information, Technology and Systems Division at the Institute for Defense Analyses. Michael has spent over 25 years supporting the U.S. Office of the Secretary of War, Joint Chiefs of Staff, and Combatant and Multi-National Force commanders. His areas of expertise are cyber strategy, strategic/operational concept development, and assessment. Emily O. Goldman is a cyber strategist and thought leader on cyber policy at the National Security Agency. Previous positions include Director of Cyber Strategy, National Security Council; Director, USCYBERCOM/NSA Combined Action Group; and cyber advisor to the Director of Policy Planning, Department of State. She has received awards and fellowships from the MacArthur, Olin, Pew, and Smith Richardson Foundations, U.S. Institute of Peace, Woodrow Wilson Center, and U.S. Naval War College.Richard J. Harknett is Professor and Director of the Center for Cyber Strategy and Policy at the Universityof Cincinnati. He co-directs the Ohio Cyber Range Institute, a state-wide organization supporting cyber education, workforce, economic, and research development. He oversees the Ohio Persistent Cyber Improvement for Local Government program. He served as Scholar-in-Residence at U.S. Cyber Command.