Contribution of Human Capital towards Economic Growth in China

Dr John Joshua taught Economics and Accounting to undergraduates and post-graduates in Melbourne and in China for many years, while concurrently completing three separate PhDs at Monash University, Melbourne University and Deakin University in Sociology, Education and Economics respectively.His research interests are the economic, sociological and educational implications resulting from structural transformations occurring in emerging economies.

• Introduction(i) Structural Transformational Growth and the Transformation of Human Capital (ii) Uneven Structural Transformation between Chinese Provinces (iii) Aims of the Thesis (iv) Outline of the Study Chapter 1Neoclassical and Endogenous Growth Models(i) A Comparative Analysis of Neoclassical and Endogenous Growth Theories (a) The Harrod-Domar Theory of Economic Growth (b) The Neoclassical Model of Economic Growth (c) The Endogenous Growth Model (ii) Human Capital and the Endogenous Nature of Technological Change (iii) Endogenous and Exogenous Factors as Facilitators of Economic Growth Conclusion Chapter 2The Accumulation of Human Capital as a Factor of Production(i) The Accumulation of Human Capital and its Transformation into Economic Growth (ii) The Complementarity between Human Capital and Physical Capital (iii) The Nexus between Human Capital and Technological Change and their Effects on Economic Growth (iv) Economic Policies for Economic Growth through CapitalAccumulation (v) Policies for Human Capital Formation to Enhance Economic Growth (vi) Policies for the Provision of Educational Resources and Educational Performance Conclusion Chapter 3Pathways of Human Capital towards Economic Growth(i) Pathways of Human Capital towards Economic Growth and Development (ii) Work Processes and the Applications of Human Capital (iii) The Enhancement of Productivity through Human Capital and Technological Change (iv) Human Capital and the Production Possibility Curve (v) The International Best-Practice Production Function Conclusion Chapter 4Human Capital Transformation and Cycles of Innovative Economic Development(i) Human Capital Theories, R&D and Technology Transfer (ii) Human Capital and Innovations as Creative Destructions (iii) The Induced Innovation Hypothesis (iv) Innovation and Product Cycles as Determinants of Economic Growth (v) Learning-by-Doing within a Globalized Economy (vi) The Import-Production-Export Cycle and the Transformation of Human Capital (vii) The Capital Goods Import-Production-Export Cycle (viii) The Human Capital Transformation: From Comparative to Competitive Advantage Conclusion Chapter 5Stages of Economic Development and Convergence and theChanging Demand for Human Capital(i) Structural Transformation and the Effect on Human Capital (ii) Stages of Economic Development andChanging Demand for Human Capital (iii) The Transformation of Human Capital through Stages of Economic Development (iv) The Appropriateness of Various Types of Human Capitaland the Stages of Development (v) The Contribution of Human Capital within different Stagesof Economic Development (vi) The Contribution of Human Capital and Economic Growth with different Sectors of the Economy (vii) The Theoretical Framework of Absolute and ConditionalConvergence Conclusion Chapter 6Human Capital, Income Distribution and Economic Growth(i) The Wage Structure and Economic Growth (ii) The Effects of Technological Change on Human Capital and its Associated Wage Levels (iii) Changes in Human Capital and their Effects on the Distribution of Income (iv) Regional Income Distribution and Human Capital (v) Provincial Inequality of the Spending of Education (vi) The Inequality of Income across Chinese Provinces (vii) Equity and Economic Growth Conclusion Chapter 7An Economic Profile of China(i) Economic Reforms and their Effects on Chinese Economic Development (ii) Market Reforms and China '' ''s Growth Engines (iii) China within the Global Economy: The Effect of the Special Economic Zones and Openness on Chinese Provincial Development (iv) China '' ''s Unequal Development and the Widening Income Gap (v) China '' ''s Move towards the International Technological Frontier Conclusion Appendix I: Provincial Map of China Chapter 8Transformational Growth and Human Capital Transformation in China(i) Perpetual Structural Transformational Growth and Human Capital (ii) Foreign Direct Investment and the Effect on Human Capital Formation (iii) Export-led Growth and its Effect on Human Capital (iv) The Spill-over Externalities if the '' ''Open Door '' '' Policyand Infrastructure (v) The Flying-Geese Pattern of Economic Development within a Globalized Economy Conclusion Chapter 9Convergence and Divergence between China '' ''s Provinces(i) Convergence versus Divergence between Chinese Provinces:The Formation of Clubs (ii) The Empirics on Economic Growth and Convergencebetween Chinese Provinces (iii) Comparative Growth Rates between Provinces (iv) Endogenous Growth Theory and Chinese Provincial Economic Policies (v) The Inter-Provincial Migration of Surplus Labour (vi) Divergence of Income Distribution between China '' ''s Provinces Conclusion Chapter 10Review of Empirical Studies on China '' ''s Economic Growth(i) Conflicting Evidence of Human Capital Contribution toGDP in Cross-Country Studies (ii) The Contribution of Human Capital to Chinese Provincial Growth (iii) Human Capital and Its Effect on Total Factor Productivity (iv) Limitations of Previous Studies Conclusion Chapter 11New Evidence on the Contribution of Human Capital to ChineseProvincial Economic Performance1. The Data Generating Process 2. Data Limitations 3. Econometric Methodology 3.1 Production Functions 3.2 Growth Regressions 3.3 Analysis of Growth Volatility 3.4 Multi-Factor Productivity 4. Measurement of Variables 4.1 Human Capital 4.2 Other Variables 5. Human Capital and Chinese Provincial Income Levels 6. Human Capital and Chinese Provincial Growth 7. Control Variables 8. The Effects of Aggregation 9. The Effectsof Spillovers 10. Interactions 11. Human Capital and Growth Volatility 12. Human Capital and Chinese Provincial Multi-Factor Productivity 13. Endogeneity Conclusion Conclusion1. Structural Transformational Growth of China '' ''s Economy 2. Endogenous Technological Change and Human Capital 3. Methods and Findings 4. The Widening Gap of Income Disparity and Convergence 5. Economic Policies and Human Capital 6. New Directions: The Shift from Comparative to CompetitiveAdvantage