Conquest of Invisible Enemies

Jie Jack Li is the CSO of GenHouse Bio. Previously, he was VP of Discovery Chemistry at ChemPartner, an Associate Professor of Chemistry at the University of San Francisco, and a Medicinal Chemist at Pfizer and Bristol-Myers Squibb. He has authored or edited over 30 books, including Blockbuster Drugs (Oxford University Press, 2014), which won the 2015 Alpha Sigma Nu Science Book Award.

• Preface Chapter 1. Virus Shaping History and Discovery of Virus1.1 Virus shaping history 1.1.1 Tulipomania: bubbles of bulbs1.1.2 The fall of old Mexico and Peru1.1.3 Succession of thrones1.1.4 The Louisiana Purchase1.2 Discovery of virus1.2.1 The gem theory1.2.2 Discovery of virus1.2.3 Cancer-causing viruses 1.2.4 Discovery of retrovirus Chapter 2. HIV/AIDS Drugs, Transforming a Death Sentence to a Chronic Disease2.1 Discovery of the virus2.1.1 A death sentence2.1.2 Discovery of HIV and the great scientific controversy 2.1.3 The Nobel Prize2.2 The first ray of hope2.2.1 Nucleoside antiviral drugs2.2.2 Non-nucleoside reverse transcriptase inhibitors2.3 HIV protease inhibitors 2.3.1 HIV protease2.3.2 First-generation HIV protease inhibitors2.3.3 Second-generation HIV protease inhibitors2.4 HIV integrase inhibitors2.5 HIV Entry Inhibitors2.5.1 HIV fusion inhibitors2.5.2 CCR5 inhibitors2.6 Triumph of modern medicine Chapter 3. Hepatitis Drugs 3.1 Hepatitis A virus3.1.1 Discovery of hepatitis A virus 3.1.2 Hepatitis A vaccines3.2 Hepatitis B virus3.2.1 Discovery of hepatitis B virus3.2.2 Hepatitis B vaccines3.2.3 Hepatitis B drugs3.3 Hepatitis C virus3.3.1 Discovery of Hepatitis C virus3.3.2 Hepatitis C virus NS3/4A protease inhibitors3.3.3 Hepatitis C virus NS5A replication complex inhibitors 3.3.4 Hepatitis C virus NS5B polymerase inhibitors3.4 Triumph of modern medicines Chapter 4. Influenza: A Perennial Killer4.1 Influenza, a perennial killer4.2 A virus that changed the world: the 1918 Spanish flu pandemic4.3 Discovery of the influenza virus4.4 Influenza vaccines4.4.1 History of vaccination4.4.2 History of influenza vaccines4.4.3 Influenza vaccines today4.5 Influenza drugs4.5.1 M2 inhibitors4.5.2 Influenza virus neuraminidase inhibitors4.5.3 Cap-dependent endonuclease https://en.wikipedia.org/wiki/Ribonuclease inhibitor Chapter 5. Coronaviruses5.1 Coronavirus Drugs5.1.1. SARS5.1.2. MARS5.1.3. SARS-CoV-25.2 COVID-19 Vaccines5.2.1. Pfizer/Biotech's mRNA vaccine5.2.2. Johnson & Johnson's viral vector vaccine5.3 COVID-19 Drugs5.3.1. Remdesivir (Veklury)5.3.2. Dexamethasone Chapter 6. Closing Remarks BibliographyChemical Structures of Antiviral Drugs

After summarising current vaccine research and the hunt for a universal vaccine, Li provides an overview of an tiviral influenza treatments from M2 ion channel inhibitors to neuraminidase inhibitors such as Tamiflu.