Child and Adolescent Therapy

Jeremy P. Shapiro, Ph.D., a clinical child psychologist, is an adjunct faculty member of the Department of Psychological Sciences at Case Western Reserve University, where he teaches courses in child and adolescent psychopathology, assessment, and therapy. Dr. Shapiro's research focuses on psychotherapy processes and outcomes, and treatment of aggression. He has published numerous articles and presented many professional workshops on these topics, and his violence prevention program, called Peacemakers, has been recognized by the U.S. Department of Education.

• Preface: The Therapist's Challenge xiAcknowledgments xiiiAbbreviations Used in Multiple Chapters xvIntroduction: Integrating Science and Art in Therapy xviiAbout the Companion Website xxvPart I The Tools of the Therapist1 Therapy Fundamentals 3The Therapeutic Orientation Toward Clients 4Getting Started 8Basic Child Therapy Skills 12Overcoming Obstacles to Client Engagement 24Motivational Interviewing 28Simple Therapeutic Interventions 32Therapeutic Collaborations 35Termination 38Summary 392 Behavior Therapy 41Learning Theory 42Assessment and Case Formulation 48Change Processes 52Outcome Research 53The Therapist's Style 56Exposure 56Contingency Contracting 58Relaxation Training 65Social Skills Training 67Summary 713 Cognitive Therapy 73Cognitive Theory 74Assessment and Case Formulation 80Change Processes 84Outcome Research 86The Therapist's Style 87Self- Monitoring 88Self- Instruction 89Self- Reinforcement 91Socratic Questioning 93Cognitive Restructuring 94Tests of Evidence 97Personal Experiments 100Using Spectrums to Develop Moderation 101Summary 1044 Mindfulness- Based Cognitive- Behavioral Therapies 107Mindfulness and Psychotherapy 108Assessment and Case Formulation 114Change Processes 117Outcome Research 121The Therapist's Style 123Mindfulness Training Exercises 124Dialectical Behavior Therapy Implementation 127Acceptance and Commitment Therapy Implementation 135Summary 1405 Psychodynamic Therapy 143Psychoanalytic Theory 144Assessment and Case Formulation 155Change Processes 158Outcome Research 163The Therapist's Style 164Facilitating the Expression of Material 165Interpretation and Insight 166Dynamic Psychoeducation 169Corrective Emotional Experience 172Summary 1746 Constructivism: Solution-Focused and Narrative Therapy 177Postmodernism and the Social Construction of Reality 178Assessment and Case Formulation 182Change Processes 185Outcome Research 189The Therapist's Style 191Solution- Focused Techniques 192Narrative Therapy Techniques 200Summary 2077 Family Systems Therapy 211Systems Theory 212Assessment and Case Formulation 219Change Processes 223Outcome Research 225The Therapist's Style 227Combining Family and Individual Modalities 227Facilitating Communication 228Systemic Insight 229Reframing 231Treating Enmeshment and Disengagement 234Therapist Directives 235Treating Positive Feedback Loops 236Summary 2428 Atheoretical and Transtheoretical Techniques 245Miscellaneous Techniques 246Parent Counseling 251Balance Between Extremes 253Psychoeducation 257Values in Psychotherapy 264Incorporating Experiences into New Structures of Meaning 268Overcoming Fear of Failure 278Summary 281Part II The Needs of Clients9 Cultural Factors in Therapy 285The Role of Culture in Psychotherapy 286Assessment 296Treatment Planning 300The Therapist's Style 302Connecting the Cultures of Therapy and Client 304Managing Conflicts Between Client Cultures and the Predominant Culture 307Addressing Prejudice and Discrimination 309Bringing Spirituality into Therapy 310Summary 31310 Disruptive Behavior in Children 315Diagnoses Treated in This Chapter 316Clinical Presentation and Etiology 317Assessment 321Treatment Planning 322Behavioral- Systemic Parent Training 328Collaborative Problem- Solving 342Individual CBT With the Child 344Psychodynamic Therapy 346Summary 34811 Disruptive Behavior in Adolescents 351Diagnoses Treated in This Chapter 352Clinical Presentation and Etiology 352Assessment 357Treatment Planning 359Behavioral- Systemic Therapy 362Psychodynamic Therapy 380Parent Counseling 381Summary 38212 Aggression and Violence 385Diagnoses Treated in This Chapter 386Clinical Presentation and Etiology 386Assessment 391Treatment Planning 392Addressing Decisions About Fighting 395Violent and Peaceful Foundations of Self-Esteem 397Bullying 398Cognitive- Behavioral Therapy 399Psychodynamic Therapy 415Systems- Oriented Intervention 416Summary 41613 Anxiety 419Diagnoses Treated in This Chapter 420Clinical Presentation and Etiology 421Assessment 427Treatment Planning 428Cognitive- Behavioral Therapy 432Psychodynamic Therapy 442Parent – Child Work 447Summary 44914 Depression 453Diagnoses Treated in This Chapter 454Clinical Presentation and Etiology 455Assessment 460Treatment Planning 462Special Topic: Suicide Risk 466Cognitive- Behavioral Therapy 469Psychodynamic Therapy 480Systemic Intervention 483Summary 48415 Stress and Trauma 487Diagnoses Treated in This Chapter 488Clinical Presentation and Etiology 488Assessment 493Treatment Planning 496Cognitive Behavioral Therapy 500Coaching Clients in Coping 505Psychodynamic Therapy 508Constructivist Therapy 509Systems- Oriented Intervention 509Therapy for Parental Divorce 510Therapy for Bereavement 513Therapy for Sexual Abuse 516Summary 521Afterword: The Therapist's Experience 523References 525Index 595