Assessment of Fuel Economy Technologies for Light-Duty Vehicles

Various combinations of commercially available technologies could greatly reduce fuel consumption in passenger cars, sport-utility vehicles, minivans, and other light-duty vehicles without compromising vehicle performance or safety. Assessment of Technologies for Improving Light Duty Vehicle Fuel Economy estimates the potential fuel savings and costs to consumers of available technology combinations for three types of engines: spark-ignition gasoline, compression-ignition diesel, and hybrid. According to its estimates, adopting the full combination of improved technologies in medium and large cars and pickup trucks with spark-ignition engines could reduce fuel consumption by 29 percent at an additional cost of $2,200 to the consumer. Replacing spark-ignition engines with diesel engines and components would yield fuel savings of about 37 percent at an added cost of approximately $5,900 per vehicle, and replacing spark-ignition engines with hybrid engines and components would reduce fuel consumption by 43 percent at an increase of $6,000 per vehicle. The book focuses on fuel consumption-the amount of fuel consumed in a given driving distance-because energy savings are directly related to the amount of fuel used. In contrast, fuel economy measures how far a vehicle will travel with a gallon of fuel. Because fuel consumption data indicate money saved on fuel purchases and reductions in carbon dioxide emissions, the book finds that vehicle stickers should provide consumers with fuel consumption data in addition to fuel economy information. Table of Contents Front Matter Summary 1 Introduction 2 Fundamentals of Fuel Consumption 3 Cost Estimation 4 Spark-Ignition Gasoline Engines 5 Compression-Ignition Diesel Engines 6 Hybrid Power Trains 7 Non-Engine Technologies 8 Modeling Improvements in Vehicle Fuel Consumption 9 Application of Vehicle Technologies to Vehicle Classes Appendixes Appendix A: Committee Biographies Appendix B: Statement of Task Appendix C: List of Presentations at Public Committee Meetings Appendix D: Select Acronyms Appendix E: Comparison of Fuel Consumption and Fuel Economy Appendix F: Review of Estimate of Retail Price Equivalent Markup Factors Appendix G: Compression-Ignition Engine Replacement for Full-Size Pickup/SUV Appendix H:Other NRC Assessments of Benefits, Costs, and Readiness of Fuel Economy Technologies Appendix I: Results of Other Major Studies Appendix J: Probabilities in Estimation of Fuel Consumption Benefits and Costs Appendix K: Model Description and Results for the EEA-ICF Model