Barbara M. Artinian, PhD, RN is professor emeritus in the School of Nursing, Azusa Pacific University.Katharine S. West, MPH, MSN, RN, CNS, is a Nurse Clinical Systems Project Manager at Kaiser Permanente - Southern California Permanente Medical Group and a Professor for the Southern California campus of the University of Phoenix undergraduate and graduate nursing programs. Margaret Conger, EdD, RN, is Professor Emeritus at the School of Nursing Northern Arizona University.