Wastewater Reuse, Volume 2

Kader Gaid is a professor at the University of Science and Technology Houari Boumediene, Algeria. He specializes in Environmental Process Engineering and was an expert at the utilities company Veolia in France for over 25 years.

• Chapter 1 Case Studies with Tertiary Treatment 11.1 Limited urban use, irrigation of non-food or processed crops 41.1.1 Irrigation 41.1.2 Industrial reuse and recycling 61.1.3 Urban non-drinking water 61.1.4 Storage 71.2 Nosedo plant (Milan, Italy): irrigation 71.3 The Hermitage station (Reunion Island) 101.3.1 Pollutant loads 111.3.2 Tertiary filtration 121.3.3 UV disinfection 141.3.4 Educational aspect 181.4 The Barcelona plant (Spain): regeneration of wetlands, irrigation 181.5 Ajman (United Arab Emirates): irrigation and non-drinkable urban use 221.6 Al Wathba treatment plant (Abu Dhabi): recreational areas, green spaces, industries 241.7 Burj Khalifa lake (Dubai): reuse wastewater for a recreational area 281.7.1 Treatment plant dimensions 291.8 Darling Quarter (Sydney, Australia): wastewater reuse in a neighborhood 321.9 References 35Chapter 2 Micropollutants 472.1 Introduction 472.2 Pesticides 482.3 Pharmaceuticals and industrial residues 502.4 Technologies for removing pesticides and emerging micropollutants 582.4.1 Conventional oxidizers: chlorine, hypochlorite and chlorine dioxide 592.4.2 Advanced chemical oxidation 692.4.3 Activated carbon adsorption 742.4.4 Ozone/activated carbon combination 982.5 References 104Chapter 3 Microfiltration and Ultrafiltration Membranes 1093.1 Operating principle and mechanisms 1113.1.1 Pressurized membranes 1153.1.2 Submerged membranes 1193.1.3 Filtration mode: frontal/tangential 1223.2 Sizing parameters 1233.2.1 Membrane selection 1233.2.2 Cleaning in place 1323.3 Microfiltration and ultrafiltration applied to wastewater treatment 1333.3.1 Turbidity and TSS 1333.3.2 Dissolved organic carbon 1343.3.3 Energy consumption 1343.4 Improved secondary treatment: membrane bioreactors 1353.4.1 Suppliers of microfiltration membranes used in MBRs 1393.4.2 Performance 1423.5 Membrane layout in the reuse process 1453.6 Hybrid process: combining chemical processes with MF/UF membranes 1483.7 Conclusion 1483.8 References 148Chapter 4 Reverse Osmosis 1554.1 Membranes 1564.1.1 Materials 1564.2 Principles of operation and separation 1584.3 Wastewater treatment with reverse osmosis membranes 1604.3.1 Parameters to consider when designing a treatment system 1624.3.2 Sizing parameters 1694.3.3 Post-treatment for drinking water supply 1764.3.4 Disinfection downstream of membranes 1764.4 Reverse osmosis in the wastewater reuse process 1764.5 Performance 1804.5.1 Pesticides 1834.5.2 Drugs 1864.5.3 Microorganisms 1894.5.4 Water losses and energy consumption of membrane processes for water reuse 1904.6 Conclusion 1914.7 References 192Chapter 5 Applications for Drinking Water, Specific Industrial Water and Groundwater Recharge 1975.1 Windhoek: drinking water, specific industries and groundwater recharge 1975.2 The Durban plant (South Africa) 2035.2.1 For industrial use requiring rigorous quality 2035.2.2 The wastewater reuse plant 2075.2.3 Tertiary treatment sizing 2075.2.4 Conclusion 2175.3 Kranji (Singapore): irrigation, indirect drinking water, specific industries 2185.3.1 Sizing the Kranji plant 2205.3.2 Performance 2225.3.3 Conclusion 2255.4 Illawarra (Australia): application, ocean protection, irrigation and industry 2265.4.1 Characteristics of wastewater treatment plants 2285.4.2 Treatment processes 2285.4.3 Conclusion 2335.5 Honolulu: irrigation and industrial applications 2345.6 Gerringong and Gerroa (Australia): controlled irrigation and beach protection applications 2375.6.1 Treatment process and guarantees 2385.6.2 Microfiltration workshop 2395.6.3 Conclusion 2405.7 Playgrounds and leisure parks (France) 2415.8 References 246Chapter 6 What Does the Future Hold for Wastewater Reuse? 2496.1 Challenges and prospects 2496.2 What about drinking water? 2536.3 Wastewater: Is it a real alternative? 2536.4 References 256Index 259