UMTS Performance Measurement

Ralf Kreher works as a Senior Software Architect for Tektronix’ Mobile Protocol Test (MPT) business with a focus on UMTS Performance Measurement and Key Performance Indicator (KPI) implementation. Before joining the engineering department he led the MPT Customer Training Department for almost four years, being responsible for a world-class seminar portfolio for mobile technologies and measurement products.  Kreher holds a Communication Engineering Degree of the University of Applied Science, Deutsche Telekom Leipzig and is the author of the book "UMTS Signaling" (2005, John Wiley & Sons, Ltd.).   Ralf Kreher currently resides in Germany.

• Preface ixAcknowledgements xi1 Basics of Performance Measurement in UMTS Terrestrial Radio Access Network (UTRAN) 11.1 General Ideas of Performance Measurement 21.1.1 What is a KPI? 41.1.2 KPI Aggregation Levels and Correlations 61.1.3 Basic Approach to Capture and Filter Performance-Related Data in UTRAN 71.1.4 Performance Measurement Definitions of 3GPP 131.1.5 User Experience vs. 3GPP Performance Measurement Definitions 161.1.5.1 Problems with Registration and Call Setup 171.1.5.2 Dropped Calls 191.1.5.3 Poor Transmission Speed 201.1.5.4 Corrupted Data 251.1.6 Basics of PS Call Analysis in UTRAN 271.2 Basic Architectural Concept of Performance Measurement Equipment Based on Protocol Analysis 341.2.1 Protocol Decoding and Protocol Stacks 371.2.2 Diversity Combining and Filtering 391.2.3 State Transition Analysis 441.3 Aggregation Levels/Dimensions 471.3.1 SGSN Dimension 471.3.2 MSC Dimension 481.3.3 SRNC Dimension 481.3.4 DRNC Dimension 481.3.5 CRNC Dimension 481.3.6 Node B Dimension 491.3.7 Cell Dimension 491.3.8 Call/Connection Dimension 511.3.9 UE Dimensions 511.3.10 Radio Bearer/Radio Access Bearer Type Dimensions 521.4 Statistics Calculation and Presentation 541.4.1 Sampling Period 541.4.2 Bins 561.4.3 The 95th Percentile 571.4.4 Gauges and Distribution Functions 582 Selected UMTS Key Performance Parameters 612.1 Block Error Rate (BLER) Measurements 612.1.1 Uplink Block Error Rate (UL BLER) 622.1.1.1 Uplink Transport Channel BLER 622.1.1.2 UL BLER per Call 652.1.1.3 UL BLER per Call Type 652.1.2 Downlink Block Error Rate (DL BLER) 652.1.2.1 DL BLER per Call or Service 682.1.3 Correlation of BLER and Other Measurements 692.2 Radio-Related Measurements 712.2.1 Radio Link Quality Parameters and Flow Control in Lub Frame Protocol (FP) 712.2.2 NBAP Common Measurements 742.2.2.1 Transmitted Carrier Power 762.2.2.2 NBAP Common Measurement Enhancements in Release 5 772.2.2.3 Received Total Wideband Power 782.2.3 NBAP Dedicated Measurements 812.2.3.1 Signal-to-Interference Ratio (SIR) 822.2.3.2 Signal-to-Interference Ratio Error (SIR Error) 832.2.3.3 Uplink SIR Target 852.2.3.4 Transmitted Code Power 862.2.3.5 Round Trip Time (RTT) 872.2.4 RRC Measurements and UE Measurement Abilities 872.3 Throughput Measurements 1002.3.1 RLC Throughput 1012.3.2 Transport Channel Throughput 1022.3.3 Packet Switched User Perceived Throughput 1122.3.4 Application Throughput 1142.4 Transport Channel Usage Ratio 1152.5 Primary and Secondary Traffic 1182.6 Active Set Size Distribution 1222.7 Soft Handover Success and Failure Analysis 1272.8 Inter-Frequency Hard Handover Success and Failure Rates 1322.9 Core Network Hard Handover Success and Failure Rates 1372.9.1 Intra-MSC and Inter-MSC Hard Handover (3G-3G) 1382.9.2 3G-2G Inter-RAT Handover for CS and PS Services 1432.9.2.1 CS 3G-2G Inter-RAT Handover 1442.9.2.2 PS 3G-2G Inter-RAT Handover 1462.10 State Transitions and Channel Type Switching 1472.11 Call Establish Success and Failure Rates 1512.11.1 RRC Connection Establishment 1522.11.2 Radio Bearer and Radio Access Bearer Establishment and Release 1552.12 Call Drop Rates 1602.13 NBAP Radio Link Failure Analysis and RRC Re-Establishment Success Rate 1652.14 Cell Matrices 1712.15 Miscellaneous Protocol Procedures and Events that Indicate Abnormal Behaviour of Protocol Entities on Different Layers 1742.15.1 Miscellaneous RRC Failure Indications and Ratio KPIs 1752.15.1.1 RRC UTRAN Mobility Information Failure 1752.15.1.2 RRC Measurement Control Failure 1752.15.1.3 RRC Status 1752.15.1.4 RRC Security Mode Failure 1762.15.1.5 RRC Transport Format Combination Control Failure 1762.15.1.6 RRC Paging Response 1762.15.2 SCCP Failure Analysis 1772.15.2.1 Connection Refused (CREF) 1772.15.2.2 Inactivity Check Failure 1782.15.3 RANAP Failure Analysis 1782.15.3.1 RANAP Reset Resource 1782.15.3.2 RANAP Reset 1782.15.3.3 RANAP Overload 1782.15.4 NBAP Failure Analysis 1782.15.5 RLC Acknowledge Mode Retransmission Rate 1803 Call Establishment and Handover Procedures of PS Calls using HSDPA 1813.1 HSDPA Cell Set Up 1813.2 HSDPA Basic Call 1823.2.1 Call Set Up and Measurement Initialisations 1823.2.2 Call Release 1873.3 Mobility Management and Handover Procedures in HSDPA 1883.3.1 Serving HS-DSCH Cell Change without Change of Active Set 1893.3.2 Inter-Node B Serving HS-DSCH Cell Change 1913.3.3 HSDPA Cell Change After Soft Handover 193Glossary 197References 205Index 207