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Between 1500 and 1870, millions of Africans were transported across the Atlantic by European traders to work as slaves in the Americas. They were shipped in conditions of great cruelty to lead lives of hard, unremitting labour, subject to degradation and violence. The products of their labour – primarily sugar, coffee and tobacco – were sent back to Europe and the profits derived from slavery helped fuel European economic development in the 18th and 19th centuries. The cost in lives and human suffering was enormous. First published to accompany a permanent gallery in the Merseyside Maritime Museum, this reissue of Transatlantic Slavery with new material documents this era through essays on women in slavery, the impact on West and Central Africa, and the African view of the slave trade. Richly illustrated, it reveals how the slave trade shaped the history of three continents—Africa, the Americas, and Europe—and how all of us continue to live with its consequences.
David Fleming is Director of National Museums Liverpool. Dr Richard Benjamin is Head of the International Slavery Museum, part of the National Museums Liverpool.
ContentsForeword – Reverend Jesse JacksonWhat is slavery?A history of transatlantic slaveryAfrican pastsWhy Africans?Why slavery?Operation of the slave tradeLiverpool: Capital of the transatlantic slave tradeReasons for Liverpool’s successEconomic benefits of slaveryTropical goods and the rise of the consumer societyEnslavement and the Middle PassageThe Middle Passage: voyage through deathImpact on AfricaLife and death in the AmericasSale and ‘seasoning’Chattel slaveryPlantation lifePioneers of the AmericasResistanceMaroonsPro-slavery argumentsThe end of slaveryAbolition of the British slave tradeFreedom in the AmericasThe legacy of slaveryRacismThe fight for civil rightsGlobal inequalitiesSince colonisationReparationsCultural transformations‘The sun never sets on the children of Africa’An unquenchable spiritThe International Slavery MusuemFurther ReadingMuseums and websites to visitAcknowledgements
…very readable collection of articles from leading experts in the field of slavery studies. Walvin’s account of the move towards abolition makes particularly pertinent reading as we approach the 2007 bicentenary of the ending of the slave trade in Britain, but perhaps most relevant are the essays on how, and why, we should commemorate this difficult aspect of our history.David Musgrove, BBC History magazine