The Salvador Option

The United States in El Salvador, 1977-1992

Inbunden, Engelska, 2016

Av Russell Crandall, North Carolina) Crandall, Russell (Davidson College

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El Salvador's civil war between the Salvadoran government and Marxist guerrillas erupted into full force in early 1981 and endured for eleven bloody years. Unwilling to tolerate an advance of Soviet and Cuban-backed communism in its geopolitical backyard, the US provided over six billion dollars in military and economic aid to the Salvadoran government. El Salvador was a deeply controversial issue in American society and divided Congress and the public into left and right. Relying on thousands of archival documents as well as interviews with participants on both sides of the war, The Salvador Option offers a thorough and fair-minded interpretation of the available evidence. If success is defined narrowly, there is little question that the Salvador Option achieved its Cold War strategic objectives of checking communism. Much more difficult, however, is to determine what human price this 'success' entailed - a toll suffered almost entirely by Salvadorans in this brutal civil war.

Produktinformation

Utgivningsdatum2016-05-23
Mått155 x 238 x 44 mm
Vikt1 070 g
FormatInbunden
SpråkEngelska
Antal sidor720
FörlagCambridge University Press
ISBN9781107134591

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Russell Crandall is a Professor of American foreign policy at Davidson College. His previous books include America's Dirty Wars: Irregular Warfare from 1776 to the War on Terror (2014), The United States and Latin America after the Cold War (2008), Gunboat Democracy: US Interventions in the Dominican Republic, Grenada, and Panama, and Driven by Drugs: US Policy toward Colombia (2006). Interwoven with his academic career, Crandall has held foreign policy appointments within several sectors of the US government, including the Joint Chiefs of Staff, Office of the Secretary of Defense at the Pentagon, and the National Security Council at the White House. He is also a writer at American Interest magazine, a member of the editorial board at America's Quarterly magazine, and a contributing editor and book reviewer at the journal Survival: Global Policy and Strategy.

1. Introduction; Part I. El Salvador in the Cold War: 2. Farabundo Martí, la matanza, and a stolen election; 3. The United States in Latin America; 4. American military mission in El Salvador; 5. A divided nation: military traditions, democratic third way, and liberation theology; 6. Guerrillas are born; Part II. Jimmy Carter: 7. Revolution and counterinsurgency in Guatemala; 8. Mass organizations; 9. Carter arrives; 10. Carter and the Sandinista Revolution in Nicaragua, 1979; 11. An October coup; 12. Carter engages Salvador; 13. Archbishop Romero; 14. Land; 15. The American churchwomen; 16. Arming the rebels; 17. Guerrilla final offensive, January 1981; 18. Death squads; Part III. Ronald Reagan: 19. Reagan arrives; 20. Reagan and Salvador; 21. El Mozote; 22. Another Vietnam; 23. Solidarity; 24. Troop cap and certifying human rights; 25. Reagan gambles on elections, 1982; 26. The Shultz doctrine; 27. Human rights; 28. Henry Kissinger; 29. Contras; 30. 'Elections yes, dialogue no', 1984 presidential election; 31. La Palma; 32. Esquipulas; 33. Counterinsurgency I; 34. Counterinsurgency II; 35. Zona rosa; 36. Air war; 37. José Napoleón Duarte; 38. Iran-Contra; Part IV. George H. W. Bush: 39. Elusive justice; 40. Pessimism; 41. Bush arrives; 42. Bush, Cristiani, and the 1989 vote; 43. Guerrilla 'second' final offensive, 1989; 44. Jesuit killings; 45. SAMs; 46. United Nations and peace; 47. Demobilization; Part V. Post-war: 48. Post-war Salvador; 49. Concluding thoughts; Bibliography.

'Crandall is an elegant writer and keen storyteller, and The Salvador Option covers an important but little-understood episode of the Cold War with considerable historical and analytical skill. For students of U.S. foreign policy, diplomats with an eye on Central America, or even casual film buffs wondering if Oliver Stone has any idea what El Salvador is really like, this book is essential reading.' Benjamin Russell, Americas Quarterly