'This book effectively refutes the argument that Austria-Hungary's occupation of Serbia constituted an unrestrained war of national destruction. It also challenges recent scholarship that views wartime occupation practices in Eastern Europe through a lens of colonization that anticipated Nazi atrocities in the Second World War. Jonathan Gumz argues that unlike many of their peers elsewhere in Europe, Austria-Hungary's conservative military leaders in fact rejected total war policies that merged war and home fronts. Gumz clearly elaborates this traditional military culture, demonstrating its workings at both the casual village level in occupied Serbia and in the highest Imperial councils in Vienna. He elucidates the key conflicts that set the military against the imperial bureaucracies during the War, and that by 1918 had helped to destroy the regime's legitimacy among its citizens. Above all, his comparative approach produces important insights onto wartime practices, not only in Austria-Hungary but throughout Europe. This is military history at its best, broadly conceived, clearly applicable beyond specifically military situations, and above all, superbly grounded in archival research.' Pieter Judson, Swarthmore College