'Significantly expanding his well-established studies on the history of printing, journalism, and literacy in the Arab world, Ami Ayalon's new book offers an incisive analysis of what amounted to an Arab printing and reading revolution. A transition which, in comparison to Europe, may have come late to the region but was all the more intensive and influential from the nineteenth century onwards. Systematically investigating the gradual diffusion and circulation of print, its initiators, and evolving reading habits, this is an impressively documented, tightly argued, and elegantly written account of the entire process, which will not only enlighten social, cultural, and intellectual historians of the Middle East, but anybody desiring to comprehend the evolvement of Arab society, or comparable developments elsewhere.' Uri M. Kupferschmidt, University of Haifa