Temple of Ningirsu

The Culture of the Sacred in Mesopotamia

Inbunden, Engelska, 2024

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Between 2016 and 2022, a team from the British Museum conducted excavations in the ancient Sumerian city of Girsu, the sacred center of the state of Lagash. On an archaeological mound referred to as the Mound of the Palace, or Tell A, they discovered the ground plan of the fabulous Temple of Ningirsu, built by the ruler Gudea circa 2125 BCE. Deep in the heart of the mound, the excavators also exposed the remains of a series of older Sumerian shrines dating back to Early Dynastic times (2900–2350 BCE).The magnificent remains of Sumerian Girsu were first investigated by groups of French archaeologists between 1877 and 1933. Digging at great speed and using the industrial-scale methods characteristic of their era, the French pioneers unearthed extraordinary buildings and treasures, but they also left behind an unhappy legacy of confusion and gaps in the archaeological record. This two-volume study not only presents the new results of the British Museum team; it also reconsiders and recontextualizes the French reports to produce an indispensable history of the sacred complexes in Girsu over a period of nearly three thousand years. With full-color reconstructions of the principal buildings and installations, as well as many redrawn plans and sections, this lucidly written study reexamines the history of the exceptionally complete series of archaeological structures built on Tell K and Tell A from the beginning of the third millennium BCE to the fourth and third centuries BCE.

Produktinformation

Utgivningsdatum2024-07-09
Mått229 x 279 x 75 mm
Vikt4 354 g
FormatInbunden
SpråkEngelska
Antal sidor812
FörlagPennsylvania State University Press
ISBN9781646022649

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List of IllustrationsList of AbbreviationsPart 1: General Introduction CHAPTER 1 The Temple of Ningirsu from Its Origins to the Present DayCHAPTER 2 The Rediscovery of Ancient GirsuCHAPTER 3 A Contextualised Chronology of Ancient GirsuPart 2: The Mound of the House of the FruitsCHAPTER 4 Introduction to the French Excavations on Tell KCHAPTER 5 The French Excavations on Tell K: Sarzec and Heuzey in DetailCHAPTER 6 After Sarzec: Cros in DetailCHAPTER 7 The Great Rift of Girsu: Genouillac and ParrotCHAPTER 8 Tell K: Plans and SectionsCHAPTER 9 Photographs of Tell K, 1888–1931CHAPTER 10 Tell K: A New History of the Temple of NingirsuCHAPTER 11 The Origins and Early Historical Significance of the Temple of NingirsuCHAPTER 12 The Lower ConstructionCHAPTER 13 The Objects from the Lower ConstructionCHAPTER 14 The Tessellated EarthCHAPTER 15 The Outer Block (P′Q′R′S′) and Associated FindsCHAPTER 16 The New Sanctuary: The Ur- Nanshe BuildingCHAPTER 17 The Eanatum Extension PhaseCHAPTER 18 The Stele of the VulturesCHAPTER 19 The Enmetena RestorationCHAPTER 20 From Enmetena to the Destruction of the Early Dynastic ComplexCHAPTER 21 Darkness and Renaissance: Tell K in the Akkad, Lagash II and Ur III ErasPart 3: The Mound of the PalaceCHAPTER 22 An Overview of the French Excavations on Tell ACHAPTER 23 The French Pioneers on Tell A: An In- Depth Account of Their FindingsCHAPTER 24 Plans of the French Excavations and a Plaster MaquetteCHAPTER 25 Photographs of the Early French ExcavationsCHAPTER 26 The French Legacy: Challenges and Preserved TreasuresCHAPTER 27 The Mound of the Palace Today: A Landscape of Trenches and SpoilsCHAPTER 28 First Excavation Results: The French Historical Phase (1877–1930)CHAPTER 29 The Effects of Modern LootingCHAPTER 30 Coda: Objects from the Spolia of Tell ACHAPTER 31 Before the Big Move: The Early Dynastic and Akkad Temple ComplexCHAPTER 32 The Early Dynastic Sanctuary of the Goddess BauCHAPTER 33 The Ur- Bau Complex: The Relocated Ningirsu Temple and the Restored Temple to BauCHAPTER 34 The Gudea Sanctuary of Ningirsu: The New EninnuCHAPTER 35 The Historical Significance of the New Eninnu from Lagash II Times to the Old Babylonian PeriodCHAPTER 36 The New Eninnu from Lagash II Times to the Old Babylonian PeriodCHAPTER 37 The Statues of Gudea from the New EninnuCHAPTER 38 Gudea’s Temple Plan and the Physical RemainsCHAPTER 39 The Metrology of Statue BCHAPTER 40 The Gates of the New Eninnu and the Monuments to the Slain HeroesCHAPTER 41 The Steles of GudeaCHAPTER 42 The Bricks of the New EninnuCHAPTER 43 The Inscribed Clay Nails of the New EninnuCHAPTER 44 The Foundation Deposits of the New EninnuPart 4: The Ningirsu Temple in the Hellenistic Era CHAPTER 45 The Renaissance of the EninnuCHAPTER 46 The Stratigraphy of the Hellenistic ShrineCHAPTER 47 The Meaning and Purpose of the Hellenistic EninnuCHAPTER 48 The End of the Hellenistic EninnuAcknowledgmentsTable of CorrespondencesReferencesIllustration CreditsIndex