Spirits of Extraction

Claire Blencowe is Professor of Sociology at the University of Warwick

• Introduction: John Wesley’s ghost and the metaphysics of race1 Savage encounters and the scene of evangelical awakening in Bristol, England2 Mining, methodism and the geology of race in the Cornish diaspora3 Methodist missions, Ojibwe Copper, and civilisational education in Upper Canada (Ontario)/ AnishinaabewakiAfterword: Bristol in the colonial present, 2024BibliographyIndex

'In this critically important and theoretically daring book, Claire Bencowe takes us on a journey through places that appear disconnected yet are deeply entangled. She skilfully traces links between her own situated history within colonial webs of extraction, the rise of Methodism in Bristol and the UK, Cornish miners and migrants, and residential schools on Indigenous lands in Canada. Beautifully written, the book grounds the concept of a ‘geology of race’ with audacity, making it an essential guide for anyone seeking to understand the entanglements of planetary extraction, Christianity and British colonialism.'Dr Negar Elodie Behzadi, Editor of Extraction/Exclusion: Beyond Binaries of Exclusion and Inclusion in Natural Resource Extraction (Bloomsbury, 2024)'Christianity, Settler Colonialism and the Geology of Race is compact in form but expansive in scope. It brings together theology, political economy, and the lived realities of migration and extraction in a way that challenges any neat separation between religious history, the metaphysics of racism, and colonial capitalism, showing how Methodism underpinned the genocidal destruction of Indigenous peoples and their rights to land, rocks, animals, and ancestral spirits, while simultaneously policing Cornish miners to prevent them from turning to alcohol. The prose is lucid, the research meticulous, and the argument both unsettling and necessary.'Özge Onay, Ethnic and Racial Studies'The role of religiously charged racism does indeed demand sustained critical attention, not least where and when it fused with other powerful forces that have damaged and decimated human communities and cultures. Blencowe's hard-hitting book is a welcome addition to this necessary critical endeavour.'Diarmid A. Finnegan, Journal of Historical Geography 'Moving from Bristol and Cornwall to Australia, Africa and the Americas, this book tells a transnational story of racism and cruelty, underpinned by ‘good intentions’ and desire for redemption. Whether it is Bristol city council’ attempt to move on from its history of slavery, Methodist clerics’ management of residential schools, or the exclusionary labour policies of Cornish miners who were themselves racialised as ‘Blackened’, Claire Blencowe shows how even groups opposed to, and marginalised, by empire inflicted colonial violence onto Indigenous populations. At its core, the book asks whether race and not class functions as the primary means of socio-economic oppression.'Dr. Angela Last, International Research Fellow (University of Bonn)'The book powerfully demonstrates how material extraction - of minerals, labour, and land - was inextricably linked to the racialised Christianising and colonial orders that shaped modernity. Its greatest strength lies in tracing the temporal depth and spatial reach of these entanglements, connecting Britain's industrial heartlands to its settler colonies overseas.' Mitsutoshi Horii, Journal of Political Power