Specifying Interiors

MARYROSE McGOWAN, AIA, teaches interior architecture at the Rhode Island School of Design in Providence, Rhode Island, and is Editor in Chief of Interior Graphic Standards.

• Preface viiChapter 1 Interiors Projects 1Introduction To Commercial Interiors Projects 1A Brief History 2Base Building and Tenant Improvements 7The Lease and the Work Letter 7Measuring Commercial Office Space 7Contract Documents for Commercial and Residential Interiors 9The Contract for Commercial Construction 9The Contract for Furniture, Furnishings, and Equipment (FF&E) 14Laws That Affect The Contracts For Interiors Projects 22Sources of U.S. Law 22Contract Law and Commercial Law 26Sales Contracts and Services Contracts 26Differences Between Contract Law and Commercial Law Warranties 26Warranties 29Custom and Standard Contract Document Forms 29Residential Contract Forms 29Standard Commercial Contract Forms 30Specifications 32Types of Specifications 32Specification Formats 33Specification Information Classification 33Specification Section Organization 33Specification Page Organization 37Division 1—General Requirements 37Chapter 2 Regulations, Codes, and Standards 39Federal Regulations 39Building Codes 41Other Regulations Affecting Interior Design 42Fire Codes 44Standards 45Flammability Standards 47Flammability Standards for Construction Materials and Assemblies 47Flammability Standards For Floor Coverings 49Methenamine Pill Test 49Flammability Standards For Wall Finishes 52Room Corner Test 52Flammability Standards For Wall and Ceiling Or Floor and Ceiling Assemblies 54Wall or Floor and Ceiling Assembly Test 54Flammability Standards For Door Assemblies 55Door Assembly Test 55Flammability Standards For Furniture 55Cigarette Ignition Resistance Test for Furniture Composites 55Flammability Standards For Furnishings 59Vertical Ignition Test 59Flammability Standards for Fabric 62Accessibility Regulations 64The History of Accessible Design and Civil Rights 64ADA and FHAA Design Requirements 65Interior Accessible Routes 65Accessible Toilet Rooms 67Plumbing Fixture Standards 69Accessible Kitchens 70Chapter 3 Building Systems and Performance 75Structural Systems 76Wood 76Masonry 78Steel 79Concrete 81Heating and Cooling Systems 82Electric Systems 82Hydronic Systems 83Forced Air Systems 85Thermal Performance of Buildings 86Methods of Heat Transfer 86Moisture Considerations In A Building 87Dew Point and Condensation 88Acoustic Performance of A Building 90Sound Absorption 90Noise Isolation 91Chapter 4 Materials 93Sustainable Design 93Green Design 94Sustainable Product and Material Selection 94Green Buildings 101Metals 104Dissimilar Metals 105Metal Finishes 105Nonferrous Metals 109Copper 110Ferrous Metals 112Wood 114Solid Wood 116Pressure-Treated Lumber 120Wood Composite Panels 120Sustainability and Environmental Impact 126Wood Veneer 126Wood Finishing 129Plastics 134The Components of Plastics 134Thermoplastics 135Thermosets 137Sustainability and Environmental Impact 140Glass 142Float Glass 142Heat-Treated Glass 143Safety Glass 144Wired Glass 145Fire-Rated Glass and Glazing 145Laminated Glass 146Cast Glass 148Low-Iron Glass 148Frosted Glass 149Antireflective Glass 149Glass Used as Railings 150Sealing Glass Joints 150Sustainability and Environmental Impact 151Textiles and Leather 151Fibers 151Natural Fibers 155Synthetic Fibers 158Fabric Construction 161Fabric Wear Resistance 163Sustainability and Environmental Impact 167Leather 167Leather Surface Treatments 170Chapter 5 Construction Materials 173Wall Finishes 173Gypsum Board 173Gypsum Board Assemblies 174Plaster 181Sustainability and Environmental Impact 183Paints and Coatings 183Wallcoverings 197Upholstered Wall Systems 212Ceiling Finishes 216Glass Reinforced Gypsum (GRG) 216Acoustic Ceilings 217Acoustic Concerns 219Floor Finishes 223Flooring Selection Considerations 224Ceramic Tile 229Terrazzo 237Wood Flooring 241Plastic Laminate Flooring 246Bamboo Flooring 247Stone 247Vinyl Flooring 254Rubber Flooring 260Linoleum 263Cork 263Resilient Flooring Accessories 264Carpet and Carpet Tile 268Doors and Door Hardware 297Wood Doors 297Steel Doors 298Door Hardware 299Chapter 6 Furniture and Furnishings 307Casework 307Custom Casework 307Prebuilt Casework 308Countertops 309File Cabinets 311Seating 314Seating for Work 314Upholstered Seating 318Systems Furniture 325Wire and Cable 327Window Treatments 331Shading From Solar Heat Gain 331Insulation from Heat Loss 334Blinds 335Shades 339Draperies 340Appendix A AIA Document B171 ID 347Standard Form of Agreement Between Owner and Architect For Architectural Interior Design Services 348Appendix B AIA Document A275 ID 369General Conditions of the Contract For Furniture, Furnishings and Equipment 370Appendix C AIA Document A175 ID 383Standard Form of Agreement Between Owner and Vendor For Furniture, Furnishings and Equipment 384Appendix D Uniform Commercial Code, Article 2 (Abridged) 391Glossary 403Index 415