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Who speaks for Islam? To whom do Muslims turn when they look for guidance? To what extent do individual scholars and preachers exert religious authority, and how can it be assessed? The upsurge of Islamism has lent new urgency to these questions, but they have deeper roots and a much longer history, and they certainly should not be considered in the light of present concerns only. The present volume – grown out of an international symposium at the Free University, Berlin in 2002 – is not so much concerned with religious authority, but with religious authorities, men and women claiming, projecting and exerting religious authority within a given context. It addresses issues such as the relationship of knowledge, conduct and charisma, the social functions of the schools of law and theology, and the efforts on the part of governments and rulers to organize religious scholars and to implement state-centred hierarchies. The volume focuses on Middle Eastern Muslim majority societies in the period from the eighteenth to the twentieth centuries, and the individual papers offer case studies elucidating important aspects of the wider phenomenon. Individually and collectively, they highlight the scope and variety of religious authorities in past and present Muslim societies.
Gudrun Krämer is Professor of Islamic Studies at Freie Universität Berlin. Sabine Schmidtke is Professor of Islamic Intellectual History at the Institute for Advanced Study, Princeton.
Introduction: Religious Authority and Religious Authorities in Muslim Societies. A Critical OverviewGudrun Krämer and Sabine Schmidtke“This day have I perfected your religion for you”: A Ẓāhirī Conception of Religious Authority Camilla AdangThe Epistemology of Excellence: Sunni-Shiʿi Dialectics on Legitimate LeadershipAsma AfsaruddinThe Relationship between Chief Qāḍī and Chief Dāʿī under the Fatimids Paul E. WalkerForms and Functions of ‘Licences To Transmit’ (Ijāzas) in 18th-Century-Iran: ʿAbd Allāh al-Mūsawī al-Jazāʾirī al-Tustarī’s (1112–73/1701–59) Ijāza KabīraSabine SchmidtkeAsserting Religious Authority in late 19th/early 20th Century Morocco: Muḥammad b. Jaʿfar al-Kattānī (d. 1927) and his Kitāb Salwat al-AnāsBettina DennerleinConsensus and Religious Authority in Modern Islam: The Discourses of the ʿUlamāʾMuhammad Qasim ZamanDrawing Boundaries: Yūsuf al-Qarḍāwī on ApostasyGudrun KrämerA Doctrine in the Making? Velāyat-e faqīh in Post-Revolutionary Iran Katajun AmirpurReligious Authority in Transnational Sufi Networks: Shaykh Nāẓim al-Qubrusī al-Ḥaqqānī al-NaqshbanīAnnabelle BöttcherThe Modern Dede: Changing Parameters for Religious Authority in Contemporary Turkish AlevismMarkus DresslerIndex
"… this is a useful volume that would give readers a fair idea about its subject matter." – Amr Osman, in: SCTIW Review (Journal of the Society for Contemporary Thought and the Islamicate World), March 26, 2015