Short-Range Optical Wireless

Theory and Applications

Inbunden, Engelska, 2015

AvMohsen Kavehrad,M. I. Sakib Chowdhury,Zhou Zhou,M I Sakib Chowdhury

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This book discusses the fundamental aspects of multiple-source Optical Wireless Applications, including Visible Light Communications (VLC). Moreover, the authors explore VLC performance in several conventional household layouts and investigate the impact of these layouts on VLC. Multiple sources increase multipath distortion. Multi-input- Multi-Output (MIMO) techniques will be included as they provide either reliability improvement or bandwidth efficiency increase. Based on these topics, the book further explores VLC performance in real applications, such as aircraft cabin wireless communications.In addition, the authors describe the Lambertian emitting pattern of LEDs and the diffused features in indoor environments. Based on the theory, they trace light pulses to establish a MIMO indoor wireless channel model on specific sources layout. Next, they generate test data to simulate BER distribution in a room and calculate the outage. Furthermore, addresses the performance improvement when MIMO techniques are applied. Lastly, the authors investigate VLC performance in specific applications, including for aircraft on-board wireless communications. Finally, the pitfalls of MIMO systems are discussed.

Produktinformation

Utgivningsdatum2015-12-25
Mått178 x 252 x 20 mm
Vikt717 g
FormatInbunden
SpråkEngelska
Antal sidor288
FörlagJohn Wiley & Sons Inc
ISBN9781118887707

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Elektronik och kommunikationer inom Naturvetenskap och teknik

Dr Mohsen Kavehrad, The Pennsylvania State University, USAMohsen Kavehrad is the W. L. Weiss Chair Professor of Electrical Engineering at The Pennsylvania State University. He received his Ph.D. degree in Electrical Engineering from Polytechnic Institute of New York University (formerly; Brooklyn Polytechnic Institute) in 1977. Dr Zhou Zhou, The Pennsylvania State University, USAZhou Zhou is a research fellow in the Center for Information and Communications Technology Research (CICTR) at the Pennsylvania State University. He was at Huazhong University of Science and Technology, Wuhan, China, where he received his B.Sc. in Electrical Engineering in 2006 and M.Sc. in Optoelectronics and Information Engineering in 2009, respectively. He joined the Department of Electrical Engineering at the Pennsylvania State University in 2009 as a research assistant pursing Ph.D. in Electrical Engineering, supervised by the W. L. Weiss Chair Professor, Dr. Mohsen Kavehrad.

Preface ixAcknowledgments xiii1 Introduction 11.1 Motivation 11.1.1 Spectrum Scarcity Issues and Optical Wireless Communications as a Solution 31.2 Organization 8References 92 Fundamentals of Optical Wireless Communications 112.1 Introduction 112.2 Communications Blocks in an OWC System 122.3 Intensity Modulation/Direct Detection (IM/DD) 142.4 Optical Transmitters 152.5 Optical Receivers 162.6 Optical Wireless Channel Propagation Characteristics 202.7 Conclusions 24References 253 Indoor Optical Wireless Channel Modeling Methods 273.1 Introduction 273.2 Source and Receiver Configurations 273.3 Steps for Modeling of Indoor OWC Environment 313.4 Models of the Room and Other Reflecting Surfaces 323.5 Radiation Patterns 323.5.1 Radiation Patterns of Point Sources 333.5.2 Radiation Patterns of Reflections 343.6 Received Power from LOS Links 373.7 Received Power from NLOS Links 393.7.1 Barry’s Algorithm 393.7.2 MIMO Modeling Method 413.7.3 Modified Monte Carlo Algorithm and Variations 443.7.4 Combined Deterministic and MMC Algorithm 453.7.5 Other Approaches for Impulse Response Calculation 633.8 Conclusions 63References 644 Analyses of Indoor Optical Wireless Channels Based on Channel Impulse Responses 674.1 Introduction 674.2 Analyses of Optical Wireless Channel Impulse Responses 674.2.1 Non]Directed LOS Links 704.2.2 Non]Directed NLOS Links 824.3 Effects of Furniture on Root]Mean]Square Delay Spread 894.4 SNR Calculations and BER Performance 934.5 Impact of Higher Order Reflections 964.6 Conclusions 107References 1095 Bit]Error]Rate Distribution and Outage of Indoor Optical Wireless Communications Systems 1115.1 Introduction 1115.2 Simulation Parameters 1115.3 Optimal Detection and BER Outage Analysis 1135.3.1 Optimal Detection 1135.3.2 BER Analysis 1155.4 Simulation Results (Receiver FOV = 60°) 1175.4.1 BER Distribution and Outage 1185.4.2 Impulse Response Distortion 1215.5 Simulation Results (Receiver FOV = 30°) 1235.6 Analytical Results and Comparisons 1265.7 Conclusions 126References 1306 Orthogonal Frequency]Division Multiplexing (OFDM) for Indoor Optical Wireless Communications 1316.1 Introduction 1316.2 OFDM Overview 1326.2.1 Basic OFDM System 1326.2.2 System Operation 1326.2.3 Discrete Time Implementation of OFDM 1346.2.4 Drawbacks of OFDM 1346.3 OFDM]Based OW Systems 1366.3.1 ACO]OFDM 1376.3.2 PAM]DMT 1376.3.3 DHT]OFDM 1396.4 Precoding and PAPR Reduction in AC OFDM OW Systems 1406.4.1 Precoding]Based Optical OFDM System Model 1406.4.2 Precoding Schemes 1436.4.3 Simulation Results and Discussions 1446.5 Performance of AC OFDM Systems in AWGN and Multipath Channel 1496.5.1 Precoding]Based OW OFDM System Model with AWGN 1496.5.2 Multipath Indoor Channel 1506.5.3 Frequency]Domain Equalization (FDE) 1516.5.4 Analytical BER Performance Results 1526.5.5 Electrical and Optical Performance Metrics 1546.5.6 Clipping and PAPR Reduction 1546.5.7 Simulation Results 1556.6 Conclusions 164References 1677 MIMO Technology for Optical Wireless Communications using LED Arrays and Fly]Eye Receivers 1697.1 Introduction 1697.2 MIMO Configurations 1697.2.1 MIMO System Model 1697.2.2 Spatial Diversity 1707.3 Angle]Diversity Receivers 1717.3.1 Angle]Diversity Receiver Overview 1717.3.2 Fly]Eye Receiver Design 1717.4 Simulation Results and Discussions 1737.4.1 Simulation Parameters 1737.4.2 BER Spatial Distributions for MIMO OWC Systems 1747.4.3 Impact of Ambient Noise 1827.5 Conclusions 189References 1908 Wireless Solutions for Aircrafts Based on Optical Wireless Communications and Power Line Communications 1938.1 Introduction 1938.2 Powerline Communications Channel Model 1958.3 Optical Wireless Communications 1968.3.1 Simulation Configurations 1968.3.2 Illuminance Distribution Results 1978.3.3 Delay Spread Distribution Results 1998.3.4 Bit]Error]Rate Distribution and Outage Probability 2008.4 Wireless Applications for Commercial Airplanes 2048.4.1 Reading Light Passenger Service Units 2048.4.2 Passenger Infotainment 2058.4.3 Cabin Interphones 2058.4.4 Interconnection of Line]Replaceable]Units Over Environmental Barrier 2058.5 Conclusions 205References 2059 Multispot Diffusing Transmitters Using Holographic Diffusers for Infrared Beams and Receivers Using Holographic Mirrors 2079.1 Introduction 2079.2 CGH for Intensity]Weighted Spot Arrays 2089.3 Communication Cells for Multispot Diffusing Configuration 2119.4 Receiver Optical Front]End 2149.4.1 Holographic Mirrors 2159.4.2 Signal Effective Area 2159.4.3 Figure]of]Merit 2169.5 Wave Propagation through Materials and Metamaterials and Relation with Holography 2189.6 Conclusions 222References 22210 Indoor Positioning Methods Using VLC LEDs 22510.1 Motivation 22510.2 Positioning Algorithms and Solutions 22810.2.1 Triangulation 22810.2.2 Scene Analysis 23410.2.3 Proximity 23410.2.4 Comparison of Positioning Techniques 23510.3 An Asynchronous Indoor Positioning System based on VLC LED 23710.3.1 Basic Framed Slotted ALOHA Protocol 23710.3.2 System Design and DC Channel Gain 24310.3.3 Positioning Algorithm 24410.3.4 Signal]to]Noise Ratio Analysis 25010.3.5 Results and Discussions 25210.3.6 Extended Simulation and Results 25610.4 Conclusions 260References 260Index