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"The state, that must eradicate all feelings of insecurity, even potential ones, has been caught in a spiral of exception, suspicion and oppression that may lead to a complete disappearance of liberties."—Mireille Delmas Marty, Libertés et sûreté dans un monde dangereux, 2010This book will examine the security/freedom duo in space and time with regards to electronic communications and technologies used in social control. It will follow a diachronic path from the relative balance between philosophy and human rights, very dear to Western civilization (at the end of the 20th Century), to the current situation, where there seems to be less freedom in terms of security to the point that some scholars have wondered whether privacy should be redefined in this era. The actors involved (the Western states, digital firms, human rights organizations etc.) have seen their roles impact the legal and political science fields.
Claudine Guerrier is Professor of Law at the Institut Mines-Télécom and the Télécom Ecole de Management in Paris, France. Her research focuses on the tense relationship between technology, security and privacy.
Introduction viiPart 1 Technology and Human Rights 1Chapter 1. The Ideology of Human Rights 31.1. Constitutional Texts 31.2. Some texts have an international scope 81.3. European texts 16Chapter 2. Protection of Personal Data 292.1. Convention 108 292.2. United Nations General Assembly Resolution 45/95 on December 14, 1990 312.3. Sources of EU law 32Chapter 3. Telecommunication Interception 393.1. Jurisprudence of the EHCR 393.2. Interceptions in the United States 453.3. European states and interceptions 503.4. Interception controls 61Chapter 4. Biometrics and Videosurveillance 694.1. Biometrics 694.2. Videosurveillance 80Part 2 The Era of Surveillance and Control 89Chapter 5. The Sources of Law in the Field of Security Illustrate This Change 915.1. The USA 915.2. The United Kingdom 955.3. France 99Chapter 6. Interceptions 1136.1. The United States of America 1136.2. France 126Chapter 7. Other Methods of Surveillance 1357.1. Biometrics 1357.2. Passenger name record 1477.3. Data and files 1517.4. New technologies; geolocation, body scanners, and drones are increasingly used 155Part 3 Between Security and Freedom 179Chapter 8. Towards Compromise 1818.1. Legal measures have been taken in order to protect some fundamental freedoms 1818.2. European jurisprudence 1918.3. The monitoring continues to develop in the communications sector 223Conclusion 241Bibliography 249Index 251