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Virtually every nation has had to confront tensions between the rule-of-law demands for transparency and accountability and the need for confidentiality with respect to terrorism and national security. This book provides a global and comparative overview of the implications of governmental secrecy in a variety of contexts. Expert contributors from around the world discuss the dilemmas posed by the necessity for - and evils of - secrecy, and assess constitutional mechanisms for checking the abuse of secrecy by national and international institutions in the field of counter-terrorism.In recent years, nations have relied on secret evidence to detain suspected terrorists and freeze their assets, have barred lawsuits alleging human rights violations by invoking 'state secrets', and have implemented secret surveillance and targeted killing programs. The book begins by addressing the issue of secrecy at the institutional level, examining the role of courts and legislatures in regulating the use of secrecy claims by the executive branch of government. From there, the focus shifts to the three most vital areas of anti-terrorism law: preventive detention, criminal trials and administrative measures (notably, targeted economic sanctions). The contributors explore how assertions of secrecy and national security in each of these areas affect the functioning of the legal system and the application of procedural justice and fairness.Students, professors and researchers interested in constitutional law, international law, comparative law and issues of terrorism and security will find this an invaluable addition to the literature. Judges, lawyers and policymakers will also find much of use in this critical volume.Contributors: O. Aronson, K. Clark, D. Cole, D. Curtin, F. Fabbrini, T. Fischer, L. Garlicki, S. Krebs, N. Lomjaria, A. Lynch, J. Mazzone, C.C. Murphy, T. Ojanen, K. Roach, M. Scheinin, S. Schulhofer, S. Sedley, S. Setty, T. Tulich, M. Vashakmadze, A. Vedaschi, S.I. Vladeck, C. Walker, R. Welsh
Edited by David Cole, Professor of Law, Georgetown University Law Center, US, Federico Fabbrini, Full Professor of EU Law, School of Law and Government, Dublin City University, Ireland, Founding Director of the Brexit Institute and Dublin European Law Institute, and PI of the Jean Monnet Centre of Excellence REBUILD and Arianna Vedaschi, Full Professor of Comparative Public Law, Bocconi University, Italy
Contents:ForewordMartin Scheinin1. IntroductionDavid Cole, Federico Fabbrini and Arianna VedaschiPART I: SECRECY AND COURTS2. Terrorism and Security: Back to the Future?Lord Justice (retired) Stephen Sedley3. Oversight of National Security Secrecy in the United StatesStephen Schulhofer4. Secrecy vs. Openness: Counterterrorism and the Role of the German Federal Constitutional CourtMindia Vashakmadze 5. Formalism and State SecretsSudha Setty PART II: SECRECY AND LEGISLATURES 6. Direct and Indirect Access to Intelligence Information: Lessons in Legislative Oversight from the United States and CanadaKathleen Clark and Nino Lomjaria7. Arcana Imperii and Salus Rei Publicae: State Secrets Privilege and the Italian Legal FrameworkArianna VedaschiPART III: SECRECY AND DETENTION8. Managing Secrecy and its Migration in a Post-9/11 WorldKent Roach9. National Security, Secret Evidence and Preventive Detentions: The Israeli Supreme Court as a Case StudyShiri Krebs 10. Secrecy and Control Orders: The Role and Vulnerability of Constitutional Values in the United Kingdom and AustraliaAndrew Lynch, Tamara Tulich and Rebecca Welsh11. Comparative Advantages: Secret Evidence and ‘Cleared Counsel’ in the United States, the United Kingdom and CanadaDavid Cole and Stephen I. VladekPART IV: SECRECY AND CRIMINAL TRIALS12. The Normalization of Anonymous TestimonyJason Mazzone and Tobias Fischer13. Terrorists on Trial: An Open or Closed Case?Clive Walker14. In/Visible Courts: Military Tribunals as Other SpacesOri AronsonPART V: SECRECY AND ADMINISTRATIVE MEASURES15. Administrative Counter-Terrorism Measures – A Strategy to Circumvent Human Rights in the Fight Against Terrorism?Tuomas Ojanen16. Secret Evidence in EU Security Law: Special Advocates before the Court of Justice?Cian C. Murphy17. Global Sanctions, State Secrets and Supranational Review: Seeking Due Process in an Interconnected WorldFederico Fabbrini18. Secrecy Regulation by the European Union Inside OutDeirdre Curtin19. Concluding RemarksJustice (retired) Lech GarlickiIndex
'This is an important collection of scholarly essays that will illuminate positive legal developments and normative constitutionalist concerns in the expanding arena of secret government decisions. This book is indispensable reading for those concerned with constitutionalism, the rule of law and democracy as they bear on the tensions between secrecy and disclosure in government responses to terrorism.'--Vicki C. Jackson, Harvard University Law School, US'This book contains the broadest and deepest analysis of the legal and policy issues that relate to secrecy and national security on one hand, and the imperatives of a functioning democracy on the other. The broadest because it brings to bear materials from many countries, the deepest because it brilliantly explores a core problem of constitutional government.'--Norman Dorsen, New York University, US and President, American Civil Liberties Union, 1976-1991
Federico Fabbrini, Dublin City University) Fabbrini, Federico (Full Professor of EU Law and Founding Director of Brexit Institute, Full Professor of EU Law and Founding Director of Brexit Institute