Succinctly and expertly, Whitworth builds a case in which regulatory changes (often initiated as part of a political process) change what a bank is. His argument is very powerful. The reader is treated to an exceptionally well-researched and well-written discourse on key events in British banking history. The scope of the analysis is impressive and leaves no doubt that the task of regulating banks in a competitive international system, while ensuring financial stability in the face of political and geopolitical pressures, is challenging though fundamental to the success of the financial sector and the wider economy.