Psychology and Nihilism

Fred J. Evans is Assistant Professor of Philosophy at Duquesne University.

• Foreword Acknowledgments Preface 1. Nihilism and Nietzsche's "Last Man" The Crisis of ModernityThe "Mind's New Science"The Mind's New Science and Genealogical CritiquePlato versus HomerNietzsche's Genealogical Critique of "Ascetic Values"Reactive Nihilism and Its Progeny: The "Overman" versus the "Last Man" 2. Nietzsche's "Last Man" and Modernity Marx, Lyotard, and the Metanarratives of ModernityModern Literature and Passive NihilismPhilosophical Critics of Modernity: Heidegger, Horkheimer/Adorno, and FoucaultGramsci's "Organic Intellectuals," "Performativity," and the Problem of Agency 3. The Psychology of the "Last Man" Modern Psychology and the "Analytic Observer"The Analytic Oberver as "Proto-Technocrat": From Behaviorism to the Computational Rationality of the Turing MachineCognitive Psychology and the Computational Model of Mind 4. The Science of the "Last Man" The Analytic Observer and the "Received View" of ScienceThe "Received View" of ScienceCognitive Psychology and Scientific ExplanationThe Weltanschauung View of ScienceWeltanschauung and Social Discourse 5. The Self-Overcoming of the "Proto-Technocrat" Cognitive Psychologists as CreatorsMiller and Johnson-Laird's "Decompositional Odyssey" of the Proto-TechnocratThe Self-Overcoming of the Proto-TechnocratConnectionismEcological Cognitivism 6. The Emergence of the Phenomenological Perceiver and the Circularity of Experimental Evidence in Cognitive Psychology The Return to PresenceMerleau-Ponty and the Notion of the "Body-Subject"The Circularity of Experimental Evidence in Cognitive Psychology 7. Cognitive Psychology and the Productive Dimension of Language The Productive Dimension of LanguageThe Language of the "Proto-Technocrat": Procedural Semantics and Its Propositional RivalsThe Transformation of the Propositional View of Linguistic Meaning into the "Significative Intention" of the Body-Subject 8. Phenomenology, Post-Structuralism, and the Productive Dimension of Language Language, Subjects, and Linguistic AgencyPhenomenology and the Limits of the "Primacy of Perception"The Primacy of Discourse: Foucault, Lyotard, and DerridaThe Limits of Discourse 9. Linguistic Agency and the Interplay of Voices "Voice" and Linguistic Agency: Nuances on Bakhtin's Notion of "Heteroglossia"Nihilism and "Oracles"The Self-Overcoming of Nihilism 10. Beyond the "Last Man": Genealogical Psychology and Transfigurative Rationality Genealogical PsychologyTransfigurative Rationality and MetaphorCognitive Psychology and MetaphorMetaphor and Experimental Circularity in Cognitive PsychologyBeyond the "Last Man" Notes References Index

"Evans' most brilliant stroke consists of demonstrating that cognitive psychology must presuppose the very sorts of things which it presumes it can do without, e.g., tacit understanding and an intimate relation to the life-world. Moreover, Evans suggests that a more positive and productive model of psychology can be devised if attention is paid to the idea of a 'transfigurative rationality' which underlies and surpasses the 'technocratic rationality' that is currently dominant in cognitive and other forms of psychology. Nietzsche's notions of the 'the last man' and of 'passive nihilism' are effectively brought to bear in this remarkable book." — Edward S. Casey, SUNY, Stony Brook"The author succeeds in showing how cognitive psychology not only unwittingly reflects the currents of nihilism rampant in our time, but also reinforces them with its truncated, technocratic, inadequate conceptions of human minds, human language, human creativity, and human beings."The work can help to bring psychology and philosophy into dialogue with each other, breaking down some of the artificial separations that exist between the two fields. It shows the indispensable relevance of philosophical analysis and criticism to theories and claims in psychology."The work can help to bring psychology and philosophy into dialogue with each other, breaking down some of the artificial separations that exist between the two fields. It shows the indispensable relevance of philosophical analysis and criticism to theories and claims in psychology."The part of the book that I found most illuminating was its explanation of something I have always found to be mystifying—the seeming eagerness of many intellectuals to conceive of ourselves and the universe as nothing more than complex machines. Evans attributes it to the fear of a life without guarantees, a life fraught with ambiguities, uncertainties, diversities, fecund possibilities, and elusive, inexhaustible plays of images—a life that cannot be contained, captured, controlled, or made completely explicable and predictable.