The Authors: Erik E. Morales is Assistant Dean for the Pace University School of Education, New York City Campus. He received his Ph.D. in higher education administration from New York University. Dr. Morales has directed a university learning center, designed and run high school-to-college summer-bridge programs, and taught at the middle/high school levels as well undergraduate and graduate courses. He is the author of numerous articles focused on facilitating resilience, retention, and student success.Frances K. Trotman is Professor of Psychology at Monmouth University in West Long Branch, New Jersey, where she is also Director of the Graduate Program in Psychological Counseling. She received her Ph.D. in counseling psychology from Columbia University. She is the founder and director of her own psychotherapy institute and a noted expert on the psychology of African American women, mothering the African American child, race IQ and the middle class, and encouraging resilience through counseling individuals in stressful life situations.

The Authors: Erik E. Morales is Assistant Dean for the Pace University School of Education, New York City Campus. He received his Ph.D. in higher education administration from New York University. Dr. Morales has directed a university learning center, designed and run high school-to-college summer-bridge programs, and taught at the middle/high school levels as well undergraduate and graduate courses. He is the author of numerous articles focused on facilitating resilience, retention, and student success.Frances K. Trotman is Professor of Psychology at Monmouth University in West Long Branch, New Jersey, where she is also Director of the Graduate Program in Psychological Counseling. She received her Ph.D. in counseling psychology from Columbia University. She is the founder and director of her own psychotherapy institute and a noted expert on the psychology of African American women, mothering the African American child, race IQ and the middle class, and encouraging resilience through counseling individuals in stressful life situations.

The Authors: Erik E. Morales is Assistant Dean for the Pace University School of Education, New York City Campus. He received his Ph.D. in higher education administration from New York University. Dr. Morales has directed a university learning center, designed and run high school-to-college summer-bridge programs, and taught at the middle/high school levels as well undergraduate and graduate courses. He is the author of numerous articles focused on facilitating resilience, retention, and student success.Frances K. Trotman is Professor of Psychology at Monmouth University in West Long Branch, New Jersey, where she is also Director of the Graduate Program in Psychological Counseling. She received her Ph.D. in counseling psychology from Columbia University. She is the founder and director of her own psychotherapy institute and a noted expert on the psychology of African American women, mothering the African American child, race IQ and the middle class, and encouraging resilience through counseling individuals in stressful life situations.