Principles of Data Transfer Through Communications Networks, the Internet, and Autonomous Mobiles

Inbunden, Engelska, 2024

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Understand the principles and practical basis of global telecommunications and data communications networks with this essential text Our increasingly connected world is more reliant than ever on data transport and the communication networking technologies of the moment. Ever-expanding wireless communications and the Internet of Things have brought connectivity into more areas of our lives than ever before. Virtually every workplace and industry is now reliant at some level on data transfer. Principles of Data Transfer through Communications Networks, the Internet, and Autonomous Mobiles offers a comprehensive yet accessible overview of the principles and methods of computer communications and mobile wireless network systems. It’s designed to equip a vast range of students and professionals with the necessary toolkit to manage data flows between and across network systems at various scales. Drawing upon decades of teaching and practical experience, it’s a must-own resource for anyone looking to understand the core mechanics that power our world of mass communications. Readers will also find: Coverage of cutting-edge technologies such as autonomous vehicular highways that draw upon novel communications technologiesDetailed discussion of design and performance behavior for major communication networking technologiesTreatment designed for readers with no prior knowledge of computer science or programmingPrinciples of Data Transfer through Communications Networks, the Internet, and Autonomous Mobiles is ideal for students in data communications, telecommunications and wireless networking technology courses, as well as professionals working in data communications industries or those who make use of data transfer communications networks as part of their work.

Produktinformation

Utgivningsdatum2024-12-20
Mått181 x 258 x 43 mm
Vikt1 601 g
FormatInbunden
SpråkEngelska
Antal sidor736
FörlagJohn Wiley & Sons Inc
ISBN9781394267750

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Elektronik och kommunikationer inom Naturvetenskap och teknik

Izhak Rubin, PhD, is Distinguished Professor Emeritus of Electrical and Computer Engineering at UCLA, California, USA. He has decades of experience in research and development studies of the Internet, and has published very widely on networking methods, performance modeling, and analysis techniques. He has served as the editor of leading professional journals, and has been elected as an IEEE Life Member Fellow.

List of Figures xvAbout the Author xxvPreface xxvi1 Introduction: Networking in a Nutshell 11.1 Purpose 11.2 Networking Terms and Network Elements 21.3 Network Transport Processes 61.4 An Illustrative Transport Process: Sending Packages Across a Shipping Network 91.5 A Layered Communications Networking Architecture 141.6 Communications Network Architecture: User, Control, and Management Planes 271.6.1 Network Architectural Planes 271.6.2 The Data (User) Plane 291.6.3 The Control Plane 301.6.4 The Management Plane 331.7 Illustrative Network Systems 341.7.1 Highway Transportation 341.7.2 Inter-regional Road System 351.7.3 Train Transportation Network 351.7.4 Enterprise Computer Communications Network 351.7.5 Packet-Switching Network and the Internet 361.7.6 Cellular Wireless Networks 381.7.7 WiFi: Wireless Local Area Networks (WLANs) 401.7.8 Satellite Communications Networks 401.7.9 Autonomous Vehicular Networks 431.7.10 Sensor Networks and Internet of Things (IoT) 43Problems 442 Information Sources, Communications Signals, and Multimedia Flows 472.1 End Users 472.2 Message Flows 482.3 Service Classes 512.4 Analog and Digital Signals 532.4.1 Analog and Digital Sources 532.4.2 Analog Signals 542.4.3 Digital Signals 542.4.4 Discretization: Analog-to-Digital Signal Conversion 552.5 Frequency Spectrum and Bandwidth 562.5.1 Time Domain and Frequency Domain 562.5.2 Frequency Spectrum of Periodic Signals 582.5.3 Frequency Spectrum of Nonperiodic Signals 592.5.4 Nyquist Sampling Rate 612.6 Audio Streaming 622.6.1 Audio Encoding and Streaming Across a Communications Circuit 622.6.1.1 Audio Encoding 622.6.1.2 Replay and Reconstruction of a Transported Stream 642.6.1.3 Transport of a Stream Across a Circuit-Switched Communications Network 662.6.2 Audio Streaming across a Packet-Switching Communications Network: Voice Over IP (VoIP) 682.6.2.1 Voice Over IP (VoIP) 682.6.2.2 The VoIP Streaming Process and the Realtime Transport Protocol (RTP) 702.6.2.3 Other CODECs and VOCODERs 732.6.2.4 Quality Metrics 752.7 Video Flows and Streams 772.7.1 Conversion of Light Waves to Electrical Signals 772.7.2 Digital Still Images 782.7.3 Full Motion Video 812.7.4 Video Compression 812.7.5 Transporting IP Video Streams over Communications Networks 832.7.6 Dynamic Adaptive Streaming over HTTP (DASH) 862.7.7 Performance Measures 872.8 Data Flows 88Problems 903 Transmissions over Communications Channels 933.1 Communications Media 933.2 Wireline Communications Media 943.3 Wireless Communications Media 953.4 Message Transmission Over a Communications Channel 973.5 Noisy Communications Channels 983.6 Illustrative Calculation of Signal-to-Noise-plus-Interference Ratio (SINR) 1023.7 Channel Capacity 1043.8 Modulation/Coding Schemes (MCSs) 1073.8.1 The Modulation Concept 1073.8.2 Analog Modulation Techniques 1083.8.3 Digital Modulation Techniques 1103.8.4 Illustrative Digital Modulation/Coding Schemes 1133.8.4.1 Modulation/Coding Schemes Used by a Wi-Fi Version 1133.8.4.2 MCS Configurations for an LTE Cellular Wireless Radio Access Network 115Problems 1174 Traffic Processes 1194.1 A Multilevel Traffic Model 1194.2 Message Traffic Processes 1224.3 Modeling a Traffic Flow as a Stochastic Point Process 1234.4 Renewal Point Processes and the Poisson Process 1254.5 Discrete-Time Renewal Point Processes and the Geometric Point Process 1294.6 Traffic Rates and Service Demand Loads 1314.6.1 Client–Server Traffic Association 1314.6.2 Call Level Traffic Rates 1324.6.3 Burst Level Traffic Rates 1344.6.4 Message Level Traffic Rates 1344.7 Traffic Matrix: Who Communicates with Whom 136Problems 1395 Performance Metrics 1435.1 Quality of Service (QoS) and Quality of Experience (QoE) Metrics 1435.2 Quality of Service (QoS) Metrics for Communications Networking 1445.2.1 Throughput Metrics 1445.2.2 Message Delay Metrics 1485.2.3 Error Rate Metrics 1505.2.4 Availability and Reliability Metrics 1515.2.5 Cyber Security 1535.2.6 Illustration: QoS Metrics for a Cellular Wireless Network 1555.3 Quality of Experience (QoE) 157Problems 1596 Multiplexing: Local Resource Sharing and Scheduling 1616.1 Sharing Resources Through Multiplexing 1626.2 Fixed Multiplexing Methods 1646.2.1 Time Division Multiplexing (TDM) 1666.2.2 Frequency Division Multiplexing (FDM) 1696.2.3 Wavelength Division Multiplexing (WDM) 1706.2.4 Code Division Multiplexing (CDM) 1706.2.5 Space Division Multiplexing (SDM) 1716.3 Statistical Multiplexing Methods 1716.4 Scheduling Algorithms and Protocols 1736.5 Statistical Multiplexing Over One-to-Many Media 183Problems 1867 Queueing Systems 1897.1 A Basic Queueing System Model 1897.2 Queueing Processes and Performance Metrics 1927.3 Queueing Systems: Properties 1967.3.1 Busy Cycle Properties 1967.3.2 Little’s Formula 1977.4 Markovian Queueing Systems 1997.5 Performance Behavior of Markovian Queueing Systems 2017.5.1 M∕M∕1: A Single Service-Channel Queueing System 2017.5.2 M∕M∕1∕N: A Finite Capacity Single Server Queueing System 2077.5.3 A Multi-server Queueing System 2087.6 A Queueing System with General Service Times 2137.7 Priority Queueing 2187.8 Queueing Networks 2227.9 Simulation of Communications Networks 2277.9.1 Monte Carlo Simulations of Communications Networks 2277.9.2 Illustrative Discrete-Event Monte Carlo Simulation of a Queueing System 230Problems 2358 Multiple Access: Sharing from Afar 2418.1 Multiple Access: Sharing from Afar 2418.2 Fixed Multiple Access Schemes 2448.2.1 Time Division Multiple Access (TDMA) 2448.2.2 Frequency Division Multiple Access (FDMA) 2468.2.3 Space Division Multiple Access (SDMA) 2498.2.4 Code Division Multiple Access (CDMA) 2538.3 Demand-Assigned Multiple Access (DAMA) Schemes 2588.3.1 Demand- Assigned Schemes 2588.3.2 Demand-Assigned Reservation Schemes 2588.3.3 Polling Schemes 2628.3.3.1 Polling Methods and Procedures 2628.3.3.2 Performance Behavior of Polling Systems 2698.4 Random Access: Try and Try Again 2728.4.1 Uncoordinated Transmissions Using Random Access 2728.4.2 Pure Random Access: The ALOHA Protocol 2758.4.3 Carrier Sense Multiple Access (CSMA): A Listen Before Talk Protocol 2848.4.4 Carrier Sense Multiple Access with Collision Detection (CSMA/CD) and Ethernet Local Area Network (LAN) 2918.4.5 The Carrier Sense Multiple Access with Collision Avoidance (CSMA/CA) Protocol and the Wi-Fi Wireless Local Area Network (WLAN) 2978.4.5.1 WLAN Layout and Shared Wireless Medium Resources 2978.4.5.2 Frame Types 2998.4.5.3 Distributed Coordination Function (DCF): The Basic CSMA/CA Medium Access Control Scheme 3008.4.5.4 Point Coordination Function (PCF): A Polling-Based Contention-less Access Scheme 3028.4.5.5 Alleviating the Hidden Terminal Problem: An Optional RTS/CTS Scheme 3028.4.5.6 Hybrid Coordination Function (HCF): Providing QoS to Designated Traffic Categories (tc) 304Problems 3069 Switching, Relaying, and Local Networking 3099.1 Switching 3099.2 Extending the Coverage Span: Repeaters and Relays 3179.3 Local Networking Across a Switching Fabric: Bridging of MAC Frames 3219.3.1 Local Internetting Using Bridges and Layer 2 Switches 3219.3.2 Building a Frame Forwarding Table via a Flooding Protocol 3249.3.3 Spanning Tree Protocol (STP) Methods for Constructing a Forwarding Table 3259.3.4 Multipath Networking Across Local Switch Fabrics: Shortest Path Bridging (spb) 3309.3.4.1 Shortest Path Bridging (SPB) 3309.3.4.2 Illustrative SPB Network 3349.3.4.3 The Control Plane: Link State Dissemination and SPT Constructions 3349.3.4.4 Multitier Overlay: Data Transport Across Multiple Equal-Cost Paths 3379.3.4.5 The Forwarding Data Base (FDB) 339Problems 34110 Circuit Switching 34510.1 Circuit Switching: The Method 34510.2 The Circuit Switching Network System Architecture 34610.3 The Switching Fabric 35110.4 The Signaling System 35410.5 Performance Characteristics of a Circuit Switching Network 35610.6 Cross-Connect Switching and Wavelength Switched Optical Networks 359Problems 36811 Connection-Oriented Packet Switching 37111.1 Connection-Oriented Packet Switching: The Method 37211.2 The Virtual Circuit Switching and Networking Processes 37311.3 Technologies That Use a Connection-Oriented Packet-Switching Method 37611.4 Performance Characteristics of a Virtual Circuit Switching Network 379Problems 38412 Datagram Networking: Connectionless Packet Switching 38712.1 Connectionless Packet Switching: The Method 38812.2 Packet Flows and the Packet Router 39012.3 Performance Characteristics 392Problems 39513 Error Control: Please Send It Again 39713.1 Error Control Methods 39713.2 Error Control Using Forward Error Correction (FEC) 40013.3 Automatic Repeat Request (ARQ) 40413.3.1 Error Detection Coding 40413.3.2 The ARQ Process 40613.3.3 Stop-and-Wait ARQ 40713.3.4 Go-Back-N ARQ: A Sliding Window Protocol 41513.3.5 Selective-Repeat ARQ: Resend Only Uncorrectable Received Blocks 42013.4 Hybrid ARQ (HARQ) Error Control 423Problems 42914 Flow and Congestion Control: Avoiding Overuse of User and Network Resources 43114.1 Flow and Congestion Controls: Objectives and Configurations 43114.2 Feedback-Based Closed-Loop Flow Control 43414.3 Open-Loop Input-Rate Flow and Congestion Controls 43614.4 Congestion Control: Relieving Bottlenecks 44414.4.1 Reactive Congestion Control 44414.4.2 Proactive Congestion Control 448Problems 45115 Routing: Quo Vadis? 45315.1 Routing: Selecting a Preferred Path 45315.2 Route Metrics 45515.3 Routing Domains and Autonomous Systems 45715.4 Route Selection Methods 46115.5 Shortest Path Tree (SPT): Mapping the Best Path to Each Node 46415.6 Distance Vector Routing: Consult Your Neighbors 46515.7 Link-State Routing: Obtain the Full Domain Graph 470Problems 47316 The Internet 47516.1 The Internet Networking Architecture 47616.2 HTTP: Facilitating Client–Server Interaction Over the Internet 48216.3 Internet Protocol (IP) Addresses 48516.3.1 Internet Protocol Version 4 (IPv4) Addresses 48516.3.2 Internet Protocol Version 6 (IPv6) Addresses 49116.4 Internet Protocol (IP) Packets 49216.4.1 Internet Protocol Version 4 (IPv4) Packets 49216.4.2 Internet Protocol Version 6 (IPv6) Packets 49416.5 Transport Layer Protocols 49616.5.1 Transmission Control Protocol (TCP) 49616.5.2 User Datagram Protocol (UDP) 50116.5.3 QUIC: A Fast and Secure Transport Protocol 50316.6 Routing Over the Internet 50816.6.1 Autonomous Systems as Routing Domains 50816.6.2 Intra-domain Routing: OSPF 50916.6.3 Inter-domain Routing: Border Gateway Protocol (BGP) 511Problems 51817 Local and Personal Area Wireless Networks 52117.1 Illustrative Personal Area and Local Area Wireless Networks 52217.2 WiFi: A Wireless Local Area Network (WLAN) 52317.3 Personal Area Networks (PANs) for Short-Range Wireless Communications 52817.3.1 Personal Area networks (PANs) 52817.3.2 Short-Range Wireless Communications Using Bluetooth 52817.3.3 Short-Range Low Data Rate Wireless Communications Using Zigbee 533Problems 53918 Mobile Cellular Wireless Networks 54118.1 Configurations of Mobile Wireless Networks 54118.2 Architectural Elements of a Cellular Wireless Network 54418.2.1 The Cellular Coverage 54418.2.2 Cellular Networking Generations 54618.2.3 Key Components of a Cellular Network Architecture 54918.3 Cellular Network Communications: The Process 55118.4 The 4G-LTE Protocol Architecture 55418.4.1 Allocation of Wireless Access Resources 55818.5 Next-Generation 5G, 6G, and Millimeter-Wave Cellular Networks 560Problems 56219 Mobile Ad Hoc Wireless Networks 56719.1 The Mobile Ad Hoc Wireless Networking Concept 56719.2 Ad Hoc On-Demand Distance Vector (AODV) Routing 56919.3 Dynamic Source Routing (DSR) 57319.4 Optimized Link State Routing (OLSR): A Proactive Routing Algorithm 57619.5 Mobile Backbone Networks (MBNs): Hierarchical Routing for Wireless Ad Hoc Networks 582Problems 59220 Next-Generation Networks: Enhancing Flexibility, Performance, and Scalability 59520.1 Network Virtualization 59520.2 Software-Defined Networking (SDN) 59720.3 Network Functions Virtualization (NFV) 59920.4 Network Slicing 60120.5 Edge Computing, Open Interfaces, Technology Convergence, Autonomous Operations 602Problems 60421 Communications and Traffic Management for the Autonomous Highway 60721.1 Data Communications Services for Vehicular Wireless Networks 60821.2 Configurations of Vehicular Data Communication Networks 61021.3 Vehicular Wireless Networking Methods 61321.3.1 VANET-Based Vehicle-to-Vehicle (V2V) Networking Protocols 61321.3.2 Selection of Relay Nodes 61621.3.3 Flow and Congestion Controls 62521.3.4 Vehicular Backbone Networks (VBNs): Hierarchical Networking Using Cluster Formations 62821.3.5 Vehicular Backbone Networks (VBNs): Backbone Network Synthesis 63321.3.6 Infrastructure-Aided Vehicle-to-Vehicle (V2V) Networking 63821.3.7 Cellular Vehicle-to-Everything (CV2X) Networking 64121.3.8 Networking Automated and Autonomous Vehicles 64821.3.9 Traffic Management of Autonomous Highway Systems 65021.3.9.1 Achieving the Highest Vehicle Flow Rate 65021.3.9.2 Traffic Management Under Queueing and Transit Delay Limits 656Problems 66522 Networking Security 67122.1 Network Security Architecture and Cybersecurity Frameworks 67122.2 Message Confidentiality: Symmetric Encryption 67522.3 Public Key Encryption (PKE) 67722.4 Digital Signature 67922.5 Secure Exchange of Cryptographic Keys 68022.6 Secure Client–Server Message Transport Over the Network 682Problems 683References 685Index 689