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This is a ground-breaking philosophical-historical study of the work of Galen of Pergamum. It contains four case-studies on (1) Galen’s remarkable and original thoughts on the relation between body and soul, (2) his notion of human nature, (3) his engagement with Plato’s Timaeus, (4) and black bile and melancholy. It shows that Galen develops an innovative view of human nature that problematizes the distinction between body and soul.
Robert Vinkesteijn obtained his Ph.D. in Philosophy at Utrecht University in 2020 with the highest distinction. He has lectured at Utrecht and Leiden University, and has started a research project on melancholy in ancient and medieval thought at the Humboldt University of Berlin in 2022.
ContentsAcknowledgementsAbbreviations and Other NotesIntroduction1 The Cultivation of the Soul in a ‘Physicalist’ WorldEthical Philosophy in Galen’s QAMIntroduction1 Aristotle and the Non-rational Parts of the Soul2 Plato and the Rational Part of the Soul3 Positioning in the Scholarly Debate4 The Possible Continuity in the Divine and Human Formation of the Bodily MixtureConclusion2 Galen on the Nature of ManIntroduction1 The Primary Substance2 Divisio ad principes: a Hippocratic-Platonic Method3 Elements and Qualities4 Grades and Shades of Nature5 Nature of the Body, Nature of the SoulConclusion3 Soul, Mixture and Galen’s TimaeusIntroduction1 Sources2 Scope of the Commentary3 Basic Tendencies in Galen’s Interpretation of the Timaeus4 Comparing Galen’s Timaeus to the Larrain FragmentsConclusion4 Galen on Black Bile and MelancholyIntroduction1 Precedents2 Galen on Black Bile3 Galen on MelancholyConclusion on Black Bile and MelancholyGeneral ConclusionBibliographyIndex