Oxford Textbook of Plastic and Reconstructive Surgery

Professor Simon Kay is a Consultant Plastic Surgeon who has combined a long career of complex reconstructive surgery in the NHS public sector with over 30 years' experience in independent practice in Cosmetic Plastic Surgery. He has been an innovator in children's hand and plastic surgery, in microsurgery and in major nerve surgery as well as in hand transplantation. He has been President of British Association of Plastic Reconstructive and Aesthetic Surgeons (BAPRAS), and The British Society for Surgery of the Hand (BSSH) as well as Editor of the Journal of Plastic Reconstructive and Aesthetic Surgery. He is a full member of British Association of Aesthetic Plastic Surgeons (BAAPS). He undertakes a wide range of cosmetic procedures and has been a pioneer in the embedding of Clinical Psychology in Plastic Surgery. In 2019 Professor Kay was honoured by the Queen in the New Year Honours List.Prof David McCombe graduated medicine from the University of Melbourne in 1990 and went on to specialize in plastic surgery. In 2000 he commenced a Hand Fellowship with the Victorian Hand Surgery Associates. He followed this with a Microsurgery Fellowship with the Bernard O'Brien Institute of Microsurgery at St Vincent's Hospital from 2000-2001 and from 2002-2003 completed further training with a Fellowship in Microsurgery and Children's Hand Surgery at St James University Hospital, Leeds, UK. A/Prof McCombe returned to Melbourne in 2003 to commence private practice, maintaining a special interest in adult and children's hand surgery, peripheral nerve and brachial plexus surgery and reconstructive microsurgery. He was awarded the Australian Hand Surgery Society Travelling Fellowship in 2012.Daniel Wilks obtained bachelor of science, bachelor of medicine, and surgery degrees from the University of Leeds. He trained in surgery before starting a career in plastic surgery to pursue his interest in surgery of the hand. After obtaining fellowship of the Royal College of Surgeons, working as a fellow at the Royal Children's Hospital, Melbourne, he enhanced his skills in children's hand surgery, children's microsurgery, complex lower limb reconstruction, and surgery for facial palsy. He later went on to undertake a UK national fellowship in hand surgery, a diploma in hand surgery, and an invited travelling fellowship in the US. In 2017 he became a Consultant Plastic Surgeon based at Leeds Teaching Hospitals NHS Trust and worked closely with Professor Simon Kay to establish the UK centre for upper limb transplantation. As of 2020 he is now based in Australia at The Royal Children's Hospital, Melbourne. Mr Wilks has contributed over 20 articles to the international literature.

• 1. General Principles and Techniques 1.1: David McCombe and Simon Kay: General Principles and techniques 1.2: Gus McGrouther: Tissue healing 1.3: Donald Dewar: Infections 1.4: Mark Goodfield: The skin: normal structure, anatomy, physiology and function 1.5: Steven Morris, Ian Taylor, and Amanda Murphy: Vascular Anatomy 1.6: Chetan Srinath and Alan Yates: Anasthesia 1.7: Mamta Shah and Siobhan O'Ceallaigh: Skin grafts 1.8: Donald Dewar: Skin flaps 1.9: David McCombe and Wayne Morrison: Microsurgery 1.10: Rajib Rahim and Graham Stables: Benign skin conditions and tumours 1.11: Barbara Jemec and Gregor Jemec: Non melanoma skin cancer and premalignant conditions 1.12: Michael Henderson, John Spillane, David Gyorki, and Christopher McCormack: Pigmented lesions, melanoma including premalignant conditions 1.13: David Stewart: Wound Dressings 1.14: Ian Smith and Vinay Itte: Sarcoma 1.15: Daniel Wilks and Simon Kay: Vacscularised Composite Allotransplantation 2. Burns Surgery 2.1: Nicole Gibran and Ravi F Sood: Mechanisms of injury: thermal, chemical, electrical and radiation 2.2: Fiona Wood and Keith Judkins: The Burned Patient: Physiology and Pathology 2.3: Jeremy Rawlins and Isabel Jones: Adult Thermal Burns 2.4: Suzanne Rea and Sian Falder: The burnt child 2.5: Joel Fish and David Sainsbury: Electrical injury and burns and their management 2.6: Alexandra Murray: Chemical burns 2.7: Tania Cubison, Johann Jeevaratnam, MJ Hallam, and CHE Imray: Cold induced injury to the skin and deep tissues 2.8: Tania Cubison, Johann Jeevaratnam, and MJ Hallam: Radiation induced injury to the skin and deep tissues 3. Nerve Surgery 3.1: Surgical anatomy and physiology of the intact peripheral nervous system including cranial nerves 3.1.1: Lev N. Novikov and Mikael Wiberg: Macroscopic and microscopic: Anatomy of the peripheral nervous system 3.1.2: Andrew Hart: Blood Supply of the Peripheral Nerve 3.1.3: Paul J Kingham and Mikael Wiberg: The Schwann Cell 3.1.4: Staffan Johansson: Physiological requirements for action potential conduction, sensory awareness and motor control 3.1.5: Roland S Johansson and Per F Nordmark: Tactile sensory control of the human hand 3.2: Andrew Hart: Neurobiology of injury (compression, traction, laceration) & repair, and grading of injuries 3.3: Clinical features and diagnosis 3.3.1: Robert Bains and Simon Kay: Clinicopathological correlates with theoretical grades 3.3.2: Simon Kay: Tinel-Hoffman sign 3.3.3: Arup Mallik: Neurophysiological Assessments for Peripheral Nerve Injury 3.3.4: Simon Kay and Robert Bains: Adult Brachial Plexus Injury 3.3.5: Robert Bains: Brachial Plexus injury in the child 3.4: Surgical management of the divided nerve 3.4.1: Duncan A McGrouther: Surgical management of the divided nerve 3.4.2: Robert Bains and Simon Kay: Nerve grafts and transfers 3.5: Brigitta Rosen and Christina Jerosch-Herold: Hand therapy after peripheral nerve injury 3.6: Lesley A Colvin and Sebastian Bourn: Chronic Post Surgical Pain (CPSP) and Complex Regional Pain Syndrome (CRPS) 3.7: Compression or mechanical neuropathy 3.7.1: Andrew Hart: Pathophysiology 3.7.2: Lars B. Dahlin and Niels Thomsen: Compression neuropathies 3.7.3: Anna Barnard and Simon Kay: Thoracic Outlet Syndrome 3.8: Thomas J. Wilson, Carlos E. Restrepo and Rob Spinner: Mass Lesions of the Peripheral Nervous System 4. Upper Limb 4.1: Anuj Mishra: Clinical assessment and imaging of the upper limb 4.2: James Haeney: Anthropological, behavioural, and cultural characteristics of the human hand 4.3: Vivien Lees: Applied biomechanics of the hand, wrist and forearm 4.4: Barbara Jemec and Sophie Collier: Soft tissue infections of the hand and upper limb 4.5: Richard Milner: Dupuytren s disease 4.6: David Elliot: Soft tissue reconstruction of the hand 4.7: Alex E Hamilton: Microsurgical reconstruction of the upper limb 4.8: Fiona Peck: Hand therapy, rehabilitation and rehabilitation following tendon injury 4.9: Robert Winterton: Amputations 4.10: David Shewring: Fractures of the hand and wrist 4.11: Carlos Heras-Palou: Ligamentous injuries of the hand and wrist 4.12: Manu Sood: Osteoarthritis of the wrist and hand 4.13: Sohail Akhtar: Soft tissue inflammatory disorders of the hand 4.14: Peter Burge: Inflammatory arthritis of the hand and wrist 4.15: Fortune Iwuagwu: The flexor tendons 4.16: Sanjib Majumder: The extensor tendons 4.17: Cath Hernon: Tendon transfers in the hand and wrist 4.18: Simon Kay: Reanimation in the upper limb free functioning and pedicled muscle transfer 4.19: David Elliot: Pain syndromes 4.20: Wee Leon Lam and Megan G Davey: Embryology of the upper limb 4.21: Grainne Bourke, Ian Grant, and Gill Smith: Management of children s hand disorders 4.22: David McCombe: Traumatic injury to the child's hand 4.23: Paul McArthur: Upper limb spasticity 4.24: Vikram Deveraj: Soft tissue swellings of the hand and upper limb 4.25: Geoffrey Hooper: Bone lesions in the upper limb and hand 4.26: Stewart Watson: Systemic disorders reflected in the hand 5. Lower Limb 5.1: Umraz Khan: Classification of Lower Limb Trauma 5.2: Michael Kelly: Principles of acute management of lower limb trauma 5.3: Kaz Rahman and Shehan Hettiaratchy: The Devascularised Limb 5.4: Thomas Wright: Management of Soft-Tissue Loss without Microsurgery 5.5: Zoran M. Arne: Microvascular cover in the lower limb: indications and timing, flap types and technique 5.6: Mark Jackson: Management of bone loss 5.7: Moazzam Nazeer Tarar: Lower limb replantation 5.8: Umraz Khan and Alan Gordon: Amputations in the Lower Limb 5.9: David Wallace: Lower limb trauma, Outcome measures, Limb Salvage, Amputation 5.10: Umraz Khan: Lower limb Osteomyelitis 5.11: Fergal Monsell: Management of Congenital Limb Deficiency 5.12: Fergal Monsell: The orthopaedic management of congenital pseudarthrosis of the tibia 5.13: Ian Winson: How the foot and ankle works (mechanics of the foot) 6. Craniofacial and Cleft 6.1: Jagajeevan Jagadeesan and Hiroshi Nishikawa: Classification of craniofacial anomalies 6.2: Mark Lloyd: Embryology of craniofacial skeleton 6.3: Andrew Wilkie: Genetics of craniofacial anomalies 6.4: Nicholas White: Assessment of patients with craniosynostosis 6.5: Christian Duncan and Hiroshi Nishikawa: The management of non-syndromic Craniosynostosis 6.6: Stephen Dover and Martin Evans: The management of syndromic Craniosynostosis 6.7: Aina Greig and David Dunaway: Hypertelorism & Orbital Dystopia 6.8: David FitzPatrick: Orofacial Clefts: Embryology, Epidemiology & Genetics 6.9: David Sainsbury: Classification, evaluation and management of the neonate with a cleft 6.10: Jason Neil-Dwyer: Primary management of cleft lip and palate 6.11: Tim Goodacre and Mark Swan: Outcome Assessment 6.12: Peter Hodgkinson: Revision/secondary surgery 6.13: David Sainsbury: Velopharyngeal Dysfunction 7. Maxillofacial Trauma 7.1: Christopher Mannion: Assessment of the maxillofacial patient: maxillofacial trauma and ATLS® 7.2: Lachlan Carter: Fractures of the mandible 7.3: A. Nicholas Brown: Zygomatic complex fractures 7.4: Trevor Teemul: Orbital Fractures 7.5: A. Nicholas Brown: Fractured nasal bones 7.6: Jiten D. Parmar and Lachlan Carter: Management of mid-face fractures: Maxilla 7.7: Rabin Singh, Nabeela Ahmed and Lachlan M. Carter: Frontal Sinus and Nasoethmoidal Injuries 7.8: Jiten D. Parmar and Lachlan Carter: Sequencing of Panfacial Fracture Repair 7.9: Claire Bates, Trevor Hodge, Lachlan M. Carter, and Christopher Mannion: Introduction to Orthognathic Surgery, the Assessment of facial disproportion and Orthognathic treatment planning 7.10: Claire Bates, Trevor Hodge, and Lachlan M. Carter: First and second branchial arch anomalies 7.11: Claire Bates, Christopher Mannion, and Lachlan M. Carter: Common orthognathic procedures 8. Head and Neck Surgery 8.1: Kristian Sorensen: The Head and Neck MDT 8.2: Charles Yuen Yung Loh and Chris Wallace: Embryology and Anatomy of the Head and Neck 8.3: Jonathan Dunne and Paolo Matteucci: Management of Tumours of the oral cavity 8.4: Vinidh Paleri, I Z Iqbal, and Anusha Balasubramanian: Tumours of the Nasopharynx, Oropharynx and Hypopharynx 8.5: Mark Puvanendran and Vinidh Paleri: Tumours of the Larynx 8.6: Ramesh Gurunathan and Vinidh Paleri: Tumours of the Thyroid 8.7: James Wokes and Neil McLean: Tumours of the Salivary Glands 8.8: Peter Kalu and Maniram Ragbir: Tracheostomy 8.9: Vinidh Paleri and Maniram Ragbir: Assessment and Management of Metastatic Neck Disease 8.10: Kaz Rahman: Reconstuction of Scalp, Calvarium and Forehead 8.11: Moghdad Alrawi: Eyelid Reconstruction 8.12: David Sainsbury: Lip Reconstuction 8.13: Matthew Potter: Cheek Reconstuction 8.14: Michael Kernohan and Kelly Thornbury: Nasel Reconstruction 8.15: Jonathan Pollock and Maniram Ragbir: Reconstruction of the Pharynx 8.16: Alex Jones and Maniram Ragbir: Reconstruction of the Mandible and Maxilla 8.17: Onur Gilleard and Kalliroi Tzafetta: Anatomy and Physiology of the Facial Nerve and aetiology of Facial Nerve Pals 8.18: Omar Ahmed and Richard Chalmers: Management of Acute and Chronic Facial Nerve Palsy 8.19: Ivan Zammit: Radiology of the Head and Neck 8.20: Charles Kelly: Adjuvant therapy for Head and Neck Cancers 9. The Chest and Breast 9.1: Quoc Lam: Embryology and development of the chest wall and breast 9.2: Harvey Stern: Deformities of the Chest 9.3: Amy Jeeves: Surgical anatomy of the breast 9.4: Michelle L. Lodge: Congenital deformities of the breast 9.5: Mark Ashton and Ian Whitaker: Preoperative imaging for autologous breast reconstruction 9.6: Keiran Horgan, Fiona MacNeill, Russell Bramhall, Julie Doughty, and Indu Chaudhuri: Breast malignancy: diagnosis and management 9.7: Nicola Dean: Breast reconstruction: patient assessment 9.8: Melissa A Mueller, Emily G Clark, and Gregory RD Evans: Tissue expander and implant breast reconstruction 9.9: Mark Lee: Latissimus dorsi breast reconstruction 9.10: Janek Januszkiewicz: TRAM flap breast reconstruction 9.11: Mark Ashton: DIEP Flap breast reconstruction 9.12: Hinne Rakhorst: Alternative flaps for microsurgical breast reconstruction 9.13: Wayne Morrison: The tissue engineered breast 9.14: Marc Mureau: Management of complications of microvascular abdominal flap breast reconstruction 9.15: Garry Buckland: The nipple-areolar complex 9.16: Emily G Clark, Melissa A Mueller, and Gregory RD Evans: Ancillary considerations in breast surgery 9.17: Glenda Rudkin and Sarah Gardiner: Anaesthesia and analgesia considerations in breast surgery 9.18: Nicola Dean, Rod Cooter, and Andrea L. Pusic: Measuring outcomes in plastic surgery of the breast 10. Abdomen 10.1: Kezia Echlin and Andrew Fleming: Functional anatomy of the abdominal wall and principles of abdominal wall hernia repair 10.2: Omar Khan, Marcus Reddy, and Emma Rose McGlone: The Open Abdomen 10.3: Kezia Echlin and Andrew Fleming: The Principles of Complex Abdominal Hernia Repair 10.4: Jonathan Lohn and Martin Veseley: Local and Free flap abdominal wall repair 10.5: Anthony Barabas and Andrew Fleming: Necrotising fasciitis of the abdomen 10.6: Donald Hudson and Sean Moodley: Functional Anatomy of the Pelvis and Gluteal Region 10.7: Kezia Echlin and Andrew Fleming: Pilonidal disease 10.8: Sean Moodley and Donald Hudson: Pressure Ulcers 10.9: Alex Crick: Perineal reconstruction following anorectal excision 10.10: Lucy Cogswell: Vulval and Vaginal reconstruction 11. Urogenital Surgery and Gender Dysphoria 11.1: David Coleman: Hypospadias 11.2: Dan Wood and D Wilby: Bladder exstrophy and epispadias Functional and surgical challenges 11.3: David Ralph: Penile reconstruction 11.4: Dan Wood: Disorders of Sex Development (DSD) Surgical Challenges 11.5: Oliver Fenton: Gender Reassignment 12. Cosmetic Surgery 12.1: Nichola Rumsey and Nicole Parvarskeva: Psychological assessment 12.2: Mark Soldin and Nigel Mercer: Avoiding patient dissatisfaction the consultation, pre operative preparation and post operative care 12.3: Richard Barlow: Lasers and flashlamps in the treatment of skin disorders 12.4: Tamara Griffith, Sherina Balaratnam, and S Stagnell: Botulinum Toxins 12.5: John Dickson and Nigel Mercer: Lipomodelling 12.6: Brett Archer: Fillers & Dermabraisive Therapies 12.7: Adam Searle, Albert de Mey, and C Zirak: Treatment of large and ptotic breasts 12.8: Nagham Darhouse and Greg Williams: Hair restoration 12.9: Norman Waterhouse, Naresh Noshi, Niall Kirkpatrick, and Lisa Brendling: Peri orbital, lower face and neck 12.10: Lucian Ion: Primary Aesthetic Rhinoplasty 12.11: Paul Johnson and David Tighe: Modification of the facial skeleton in aesthetic facial surgery 12.12: Nigel Mercer and John Dickson: Gynaecomastia 12.13: Marion Grob, Elliott Smock, and Mark Soldin: The treatment of small breasts and inverted nipples 12.14: Farida Ali: Asymmetry of the breasts 12.15: Nick Wilson Jones: Abdominal wall anatomy 12.16: Isabel Teo and Mark Soldin: Anatomy, physiology and pathology of body fat 12.17: Chris Abela and Mark Soldin: Abdominoplasty 12.18: Marco Gasparotti, Andrea Maria Florio, Isabel Teo, Davide Lazzeri, and Mark Soldin: Liposculpture 12.19: Lina María Triana Lloreda and Mildred Martínez Millán: Buttock Augmentation 12.20: Maleeha Mughal and Mark Soldin: Aesthetic surgery of the genitalia 12.21: Alberic Feinnes: Bariatric surgery 12.22: Mohammed Akhavani and Mark Soldin: Upper trunk and breast surgery after massive weight loss 12.23: Dirk Richter and Nina Schwaiger: Lower body lift and abdominal surgery after massive weight loss 12.24: Anthony Barabas and Mark Soldin: Thigh lift 12.25: Charles Bain and Mark Soldin: Brachioplasty 12.26: Athanasios Papas and Mark Soldin: Aesthetic surgery of the lower limb 12.27: Don Hudson: The Ageing Breast 13. The Legal, Ethics, and Behavioural Components of Plastic Surgery 13.1: Oliver Fenton: The ethics of gender re-assignment surgery 13.2: Maggie Bellew: Psychological Consequences of the Birth of a Child with a Congenital Hand Anomaly 13.3: Maggie Bellew: Psychological Assessment of Cosmetic Surgery Patients 13.4: Simon Kay and Maggie Bellew: Factitious injury and related conditions 13.5: Mark Ashley and Sherry Williams: Legal aspects of consent to treatment and the nature of malpractice claims in the UK 13.6: Simon Kay: Consulting with children