North America's Soft Security Threats and Multilateral Governance

Roberto Domínguez, European University Institute, Florence, Italy Rafael Velazquez, School of Economics and International Relations of the Autonomous University of Baja California, MexicoGonza?lez-Murphy, Rockefeller College of Public Affairs and Policy University at Albany, USA

• PART I: INTRODUCTION: SOFT THREATS, SECURITY CAPS, AMERICAN PLAGUE: MULTILATERAL MEDICINE?; Imtiaz Hussain and Jorge A. Schiavon 1. Puzzle 2. Bogotá: Multilateral Direction from Drug-control Dissent 3. Governance Along the Cocaine Corridor 4. Theater of War 5. Mexico-US.Border 6. Illegal Human Flows: Migration 7. Drug-trafficking: Security Threat Trigger 8. Money-laundering 9. Weapons-smuggling 10. Mexico-Central American Border 11. Illegal Immigration 12. Drug-trafficking 13. Money-laundering 14. Weapons-smuggling 15. Summary 16. Theoretical Thread-lines 17. Definitions 18. Kirchner-Sperling Multilateral Security Governance 19. Organization 20. References PART II: IMMIGRATION AND MEXICO-US BORDER CONTROLS: CONSTRAINED BI-LATERALISM?; Jorge A. Schiavon 21. Introduction 22. Mexico's Migration Policy: A 'No-policy' Interregnum? 23. Mexican Public Opinion and Migration: Protecting the Paisano 24. Migration Policy After 9/11: Whole or Partial Enchilada? 25. The Perverse Effects: A Stimulated Wall 26. Migration Costs and Benefits: An Arizona Microcosm 27. Mexico's Economic benefits: Unending Remittances 28. Strengthening Emigrant-Home Community Linkages 29. The 3 x 1 Program 30. A Theoretical Fit: Demanding Multi-security Governance 31. Conclusions 32. References PART III: DIMENSIONS OF DRUG-TRAFFICKING IN THE UNITED STATES: GOVERNANCE AND POLICIES IN NORTH AMERICA; Roberto Dominguez and Rafael Velázquez Flores 33. Introduction 34. Security Governance: Analytical Framework 35. Overview of Global Drug Consumption 36. Prevention 37. Protection 38. Compliance 39. Assurance 40. Conclusions 41. References PART IV: SECURITY AND MEXICO'S SOUTHERN BORDER: POST-WESTPHALIAN GOVERNANCE?; Laura González-Murphy 42. Introduction 43. Security Governance and Mexico's Southern Border 44. Mexico's Southern Conflict Arena 45. Theoretical Application: Four Policy Approaches 46. Pursuing Integrated Response-Security Governance 47.Prevention: Conflict Prevention and Institution-building 48. Compellence: Conflict Resolution Efforts 49. Protection: Internal Security Policies Against External Threats 50. Assurance- post-conflict Reconstruction and Confidence-building Measures 51. Conclusion: State Control vs Collective Action 52. References PART V: MEXICO'S TWIN-BORDER BEAST: STATE SATURATED?; Imtiaz Hussain 53. Introduction: Soft Threats an Border Comparisons 54. Expansive Threats and Aligning Borders: Problem-supply Boom 55. Migration: Janus-faced Monster? 56. Drug-trafficking 57. Cartel Competition 58. Corruption 59. Gangs: Unholy Alliance Partner 60. Arms-smuggling 61. Money-laundering and Remittances 62. Policy-supply and the Widening Gap 63. Illegal Migration 64. Drug-trafficking and Cartel Competition 65. Corruption 66. Mexico's Two Borders in Theoretical Perspectives 67. Governance Model Assessed 68. Kirchner-Sperling Policy Functions 69. Kirchner-Sperling Policy ImplicationS 70. References PART VI: ILLEGAL MEXICAN-CANADIAN INTERTWININGS: A CRYING GAME?; Imtiaz Hussain 71. Problem 72. Cocaine Supply 73. Policy Supply 74. Protection 75. Assurance 76. Compellence 77. Preventive 78. Theoretical Placement 79. References PART VII: CONCLUSIONS: SECURITY GOVERNANCE AS HOSTAGE? EXPLOSIVE POLICY DEMANDS AND SUPPLY SHORTAGE; Imtiaz Hussain and Jorge A. Schiavon 80. Introduction: Back to Square One? 81. Findings: Empirical 82. Findings: Theoretical 83. Implications: Digging Theoretically Deeper

"This book offers a tightly argued, deeply researched and empirically encompassing analysis of the spread and response to the illicit drug and illegal migrant problem in North America. The expert set of contributors effectively demonstrate the inadequacies of traditional Westphalian or bi-lateral state responses to these problems, making instead a plausible case for the establishment of an overarching mediating agency in the region and for shifting the emphasis from the coercive to the persuasive approach. A further distinguishing feature of the edited volume is its innovative application of the concept of security governance, showing that security governance can be successfully employed as a research framework in different global regions. In all these contexts, it is a timely and exceptionally important book." - Emil J. Kirchner, Jean Monnet Professor, University of Essex, UK