New Space

Stephen W. Cheung, PhD, is a former Adjunct Professor of Physics at the University of Hong Kong and a senior researcher for a satellite program at Stanford University. Currently, he is an Honorary Chief Scientist at Orion Astropreneur Space Academy promoting space to the public.Chih-Yung Wen, PhD, earned his PhD from the Department of Aeronautics (Caltech), a renowned institution recognized for its contributions to aerospace science and engineering. Currently, he holds the position of Chair Professor of Aeronautical Engineering at The Hong Kong Polytechnic University. He is a Fellow of HKIE, ASME, and RAeS, as well as Associate Fellow of AIAA. Prof. Wen has authored and co-authored over 300 scientific papers, conference papers, and book chapters.

• About the Editors xixList of Contributors xxiPreface xxiii1 Introduction 11.1 Introduction 11.2 New Space 31.3 Cislunar Space 51.4 Economics and Business Considerations 71.5 Conclusion 82 Rockets 11Guan Yu and Stephen W. Cheung2.1 Introduction 112.2 Tsiolkovsky Rocket Equation 112.3 Chemical Propulsion and Main Components 172.4 Other Thrusters 282.5 Conclusion 313 Orbits 33Wang Tianqi and Stephen W. Cheung3.1 Introduction 333.2 Orbit Dynamics 333.3 Launching to Orbit and Orbital Transfer 373.4 Lagrange Points as Orbits 433.5 ΔV Map 453.6 Conclusion 464 Satellites and Space Stations 47Xu Bing4.1 Introduction 474.2 Types of LEO Satellites 474.3 Miniaturized Satellites in LEO 504.4 Space Stations 524.5 Looking Ahead for the LEO Industry 645 Reusable Rockets 67Stephen W. Cheung and Guan Yu5.1 Introduction 675.2 Falcon 9 Reusable Rocket 705.3 Blue Origin Systems 835.4 SpaceX Starship Launch System 875.5 Reusable Rockets in China 1145.6 Conclusion 1166 Communications Satellite Constellations 1236.1 Introduction 1236.2 Overview of the Satellite Constellations 1236.3 Starlink Satellite Constellations 1286.4 OneWeb System 1396.5 Kuiper System 1406.6 China GW System 1416.7 Business and Economics Angle 1426.8 Looking Ahead 1457 Earth Observations 1497.1 Introduction 1497.2 Passive Imaging 1507.3 Multispectral and Hyperspectral Imaging 1557.4 Precision Agriculture 1637.5 Other Applications of Passive Earth Observations 1697.6 Synthetic Aperture Radar (SAR) 1747.7 Looking Ahead 1837.8 Conclusion 1858 Space Solar Power 1918.1 Introduction 1918.2 Solar Power 1928.3 Multi-Rotary Joints System 1968.4 Space Solar Power Using Optical Reflectors 2028.5 Laser as Wireless Power Transfer 2068.6 Buildup of Space Solar Power 2078.7 Technological Challenges 2088.8 Looking Ahead 2099 Space Tourism 2139.1 Introduction 2139.2 Success Factors 2139.3 Suborbital and Orbital Flights 2169.4 Space Hotels 2239.5 Returning to Earth 2239.6 Conclusion 22510 Mining Asteroids 22910.1 Introduction 22910.2 Cosmic Background 22910.3 The Asteroid Belt 23210.4 Statistics of Near-Earth Asteroids 24010.5 Missions to Near-Earth Asteroids 24410.6 Infrastructures for Mining Asteroids 25110.7 Conclusion 25511 Going to the Moon 25911.1 Introduction 25911.2 About the Moon 26111.3 Artemis Program 26311.4 Artemis Missions 27311.5 China Lunar Program 28411.5.1 Chang'e 5 Mission 28411.6 Conclusion 28712 Settling on the Moon 29112.1 Introduction 29112.2 Lunar South Pole and Water 29212.3 Electric Power Source 29712.4 Transportation and Mobility 30312.5 Living Shelters 30812.6 Foods 31212.7 Helium- 3 31612.8 Lunar Minerals 31912.9 Lunar Communications Infrastructure 32312.10 Physical Hazards 32712.11 Conclusion 33213 Mars 339Xue Xiaopeng and Stephen W. Cheung13.1 Introduction 33913.2 About Mars 34013.3 Settling on Mars 34813.4 Three Recent Missions 35513.5 Future Human Missions to Mars 36713.6 Transportation and Communications on Mars 38113.7 Best Regions to Land 38313.8 Conclusion 38514 Space Debris 39514.1 Introduction 39514.2 Origin of the Space Debris 39714.3 Space Debris Management 39814.4 Debris Remediation 40014.5 Recycling 41314.6 Removing Debris with Lasers 41514.7 Space Situational Awareness 41714.8 Cost–Benefit Analysis of Debris Removal 41814.9 Conclusion 42115 Looking Ahead 42715.1 LEO and Beyond 42715.2 Below LEO for Further Commercialization 428Reading List 432References 433Index 435