National Theatres in a Changing Europe

MARVIN CARLSON is Sidney E. Cohn Professor of Theatre and Comparative Literature at the Graduate Center, City University of New York, USAMICHAEL COVENEY is a London theatre criticPATRICIA GABORIK is a teacher and translator in Rome, ItalyRIKARD HOOGLAND teaches and researches at the Department of Theatre Studies, Stockholm University, SwedenTHOMAS IRMER teaches at the Freie Universität Berlin, John F. Kennedy Institut, GermanyDRAGAN KLAIC teaches arts and cultural policies at Leiden University, NetherlandsEDGARAS KLIVIS is a lecturer at Vytautas Magnus University, Kaunas, LithuaniaPIRKKO KOSKI is Professor at the Department of Theatre Research in the Institute of Art Research at the University of Helsinki, FinlandLOREN KRUGER teaches at the University of Chicago, USABEN LEVITAS is Senior Lecturer in Drama at Goldsmith's College, University of London, UKJULIA LISTENGARTEN is Associate Professor of Theatre and Director of Graduate Studies at the University of Central Florida, USABRUCE MCCONACHIE is Professor and chair of Theatre Arts at the University of Pittsburgh, USAFRANK PEETERS is Professor and head of department at the University of Antwerp, BelgiumJANELLE REINELT is Professor of Theatre and Performance at University of Warwick, UKWILLMAR SAUTER is Professor of Theatre Studies at Stockholm University, SwedenLAURENCE SENELICK is Fletcher Professor of Drama and Oratory at Tufts University, USAKIRSTEN SHEPHERD-BARR is a University Lecturer inEnglish and Modern Drama and tutorial fellow of St Catherine's College, University of Oxford, UKKALINA STEFANOVA is Associate Professor at the National Academy of Theare and Film Arts, Sofia, BulgariaBARBARA SU EC-MICHIELI is Assistant Professor of Theatre History at the University of Ljubljana, SloveniaDAVID WHITTON is Professor and Head of European Languages& Cultures at Lancaster University, UK

• Author Preface Series Preface Notes on Contributors Introduction; S.E.Wilmer PART 1: BACKGROUND AND OVERVIEW The Development of National Theatres in Europe in the Eighteenth and Nineteenth Centuries; S.E.Wilmer National Theatres: Then and Now; M.Carlson The National Stage and the Naturalized House: (Trans)National Legitimation in Modern Europe; L.Kruger Towards a History of National Theatres in Europe; B.McConachie PART 2: FORMATION, FUNCTION, LANGUAGE ISSUES AND IDEOLOGICAL CONTROL A Window to the West: Russian Imperial Theatres; J.Listengarten The Abbey Opens: A First Night Revisited; B.Levitas The Development of Norway's National Theatres; K.Shepherd-Barr Justification as National Throughout Changing Times: The National Theatre of Finland; P.Koski Creating and Dismantling the National Theatre in Divided Belgium; F.Peeters National on Compulsion: The Moscow Art Theatre; L.Senelick Italy: The Fancy of a National Theatre?; P.Gaborik PART 3: NEW FUNCTIONS AND STRUCTURES IN A CHANGING EUROPE Proliferation and Differentiation of National Theatres in France; D.Whitton A National Theatre Decentralized: Sweden's Three and a Half National Theatres; R.Hoogland & W.Sauter Aspects of National Theatres in Germany after 1945; T.Irmer The National Theatre and Civic Responsibility in the British Isles; M.Coveney Bulgarian National Theatre "Ivan Vazov": Traditionally Non-Traditional; K.Stefanova The Disappearing Balkans: National Theatres and Geopolitics; B.Susec-Michieli Inadequate Subsidyand a Market Economy in the Baltic Countries; E.Klivis PART 4: CHALLENGES FOR THE TWENTY-FIRST CENTURY National Theatres Undermined by the Withering of the Nation State; D.Klaic The Role of National Theatres in an Age of Globalization; J.Reinelt Select Bibliography Index