'There is a saying that 'no battle plan survives contact with the enemy.' After reading this book, you may think that 'no theory about investment treaties survives contact with reality.' Many international lawyers are content to analyse issues at the interstate level without getting their hands dirty with empirical evidence, particularly at a national and sub-national level. But when socio-legal scholars come along who are able to take us deep into the messy entanglement of actors, narratives and relationships in four different national contexts, we are able to develop a much more detailed, compelling and nuanced understanding of how investment treaties empower and constrain the behaviour of states. This book stands as a testament to how scholarship in this field is maturing and deepening.' Anthea Roberts, Professor at the School of Regulation and Global Governance (RegNet), Australian National University