In 1946, approximately 40,000 U.S. military personnel participated in Operation CROSSROADS, an atmospheric nuclear test that took place at Bikini Atoll in the Marshall Islands. Congress passed a law directing the Veterans Administration to determine whether there were any long-term adverse health effects associated with exposure to ionizing radiation from the detonation of nuclear devices. This book contains the results of an extensive epidemiological study of the mortality of participants compared with a similar group of nonparticipants. Topics of discussion include a breakdown of the study rationale; an overview of other studies of veteran participants in nuclear tests; and descriptions of Operation CROSSROADS, data sources for the study, participant and comparison cohorts, exposure details, mortality ascertainment, and findings and conclusions.
J. Christopher Johnson, Susan Thaul, William F. Page, and Harriet Crawford, Editors; Committee on the CROSSROADS Nuclear Test, Institute of Medicine
1 Front Matter; 2 Summary; 3 Study Rationale and Overview; 4 Other Studies of the Human Health Effects of Radiation Exposure; 5 Epidemiology Primer; 6 Description of Operation Crossroads; 7 Data Sources for the Crossroads Study; 8 The Participant Cohort; 9 The Comparison Cohort; 10 Exposure Definition, Measurement, and Verification; 11 Mortality Ascertainment; 12 Characterization of the Cohorts and Analysis Plan; 13 Findings and Discussion; 14 Conclusions; 15 References; 16 Appendix A: National Association of Atomic Veterans (NAAV) Medical Survey; 17 Appendix B: Particpant Description (DNA memorandum dated July 11, 1994); 18 Appendix C: Standardized Mortality Ratios; 19 Appendix D: Radiation Doses for CROSSROADS Participants and Exposure Surrogate Groups; 20 Appendix E: Verification of Completeness and Accuracy of the participant Roster; 21 Appendix F: Verification of Completeness and Accuracy of Mortality Ascertainment
National Research Council, Division of Behavioral and Social Sciences and Education, Institute of Medicine, and Families Board on Children, Youth, Steve Olson
Institute of Medicine, Board on the Health of Select Populations, and Transgender Health Issues and Research Gaps and Opportunities Committee on Lesbian, Gay, Bisexual
Institute of Medicine, Board on Population Health and Public Health Practice, Division of Health Promotion and Disease Prevention, Division of International Health
Institute of Medicine, Committee to Develop Methods Useful to the Department of Veteran Affairs in Estimating Its Physician Requirements, Joseph Lipscomb
Institute of Medicine, Medical Follow-up Agency, Committee to Study the Mortality of Military Personnel Present at Atmospheric Tests of Nuclear Weapons, Heather O'Maonaigh, Harriet Crawford, William F. Page, Susan Thaul
Institute of Medicine, Medical Follow-Up Agency, and Chemicals in U.S. Military Forces Committee to Study the Interactions of Drugs, Biologics, Susan Thaul, William F. Page, Robert G. Petersdorf
Institute of Medicine, Board on Military and Veterans Health, Medical Follow-Up Agency, Advisory Panel for the Study of Long-Term Health Effects of Participation in Project SHAD, Harriet M. Crawford, Heather A. Young, William F. Page
Institute of Medicine, Medical Follow-up Agency, Committee on a Strategy for Minimizing the Impact of Naturally Occurring Infectious Diseases of Military Importance: Vaccine Issues in the U.S. Military, Heather C. O'Maonaigh, Salem Fisseha, Susan Thaul, Stanley M. Lemon