Introduction to Materials Science for Engineers, Global Edition

James F. Shackelford has BS and MS degrees in Ceramic Engineering from the University of Washington and a Ph.D. in Materials Science and Engineering from the University of California, Berkeley. Following a postdoctoral fellowship at McMaster University in Canada, he joined the University of California, Davis, where he is currently Distinguished Professor Emeritus in the Department of Materials Science and Engineering. For many years, he served as the Associate Dean for Undergraduate Studies in the College of Engineering and later as the Director of the University Honors Program that serves students from a wide spectrum of majors. Dr. Shackelford also served as Associate Director for Education for the National Science Foundation (NSF)-funded Center for Biophotonics Science and Technology (CBST) and as Faculty Assistant to the Director of the McClellan Nuclear Research Center (MNRC) of UC Davis. He teaches and conducts research in the structural characterization and processing of materials, focusing on glasses and biomaterials. His current focus in teaching is doing so through online technologies. A member of the American Ceramic Society and ASM International, he was named a Fellow of the American Ceramic Society in 1992, was named a Fellow of ASM International in2011, and received the Outstanding Educator Award of the American Ceramic Society in 1996 and the Albert Easton White Distinguished Teacher Award from ASM International in 2019. In 2003, he received a Distinguished Teaching Award from the Academic Senate of the University of California, Davis. In 2012, he received the Outstanding Teaching Award of the College of Engineering at UC Davis, and, in 2014, received an Outstanding Service Award from UC Davis Extension. In 2016, Professor Shackelford received the Inaugural Award for Outstanding Contributions to Materials Education at the North American Materials Education Symposium (NAMES) held at the University of California, Berkeley. He has published over 150 archived papers and books including Introduction to Materials Science for Engineers now in its 9th Edition and which has been translated into Chinese, German, Italian, Japanese, Korean, Portuguese, and Spanish.

• Materials for Engineering 1.1 The Material World1.2 Materials Science and Engineering1.3 Six Materials That Changed Your World STEEL BRIDGES—INTRODUCING METALSTRANSPARENT OXIDES—INTRODUCING CERAMICSSMARTPHONES AND TABLETS—INTRODUCING GLASSESNYLON PARACHUTES—INTRODUCING POLYMERSKEVLAR®-REINFORCED TIRES—INTRODUCINGCOMPOSITESSILICON CHIPS—INTRODUCING SEMICONDUCTORS 1.4 Processing and Selecting Materials1.5 Looking at Materials by Powers of Ten PARTI: The Fundamentals Atomic Bonding 2.1 Atomic Structure2.2 The Ionic BondCOORDINATION NUMBER2.3 The Covalent Bond2.4 The Metallic Bond2.5 The Secondary, or van der Waals, Bond2.6 Materials—The Bonding Classification Crystalline Structure—Perfection 3.1 Seven Systems and Fourteen Lattices3.2 Metal Structures3.3 Ceramic Structures Crystal Defects and Noncrystalline Structure—Imperfection 4.1 The Solid Solution—Chemical Imperfection4.2 Point Defects—Zero-Dimensional Imperfections4.3 Linear Defects, or Dislocations—One-Dimensional Imperfections4.4 Planar Defects—Two-Dimensional Imperfections4.5 Noncrystalline Solids—Three-Dimensional Imperfections Diffusion 5.1 Thermally Activated Processes5.2 Thermal Production of Point Defects5.3 Point Defects and Solid-State Diffusion5.4 Steady-State Diffusion5.5 Alternate Diffusion Paths Mechanical Behavior 6.1 Stress Versus StrainMETALSCERAMICS AND GLASSESPOLYMERS6.2 Elastic Deformation6.3 Plastic Deformation6.4 Hardness6.5 Creep and Stress Relaxation6.6 Viscoelastic DeformationINORGANIC GLASSESORGANIC POLYMERSELASTOMERS Thermal Behavior 7.1 Heat Capacity7.2 Thermal Expansion7.3 Thermal Conductivity7.4 Thermal Shock Failure Analysis and Prevention 8.1 Impact Energy8.2 Fracture Toughness8.3 Fatigue8.4 Nondestructive Testing8.5 Failure Analysis and Prevention Phase Diagrams—Equilibrium Microstructural Development 9.1 The Phase Rule9.2 The Phase DiagramCOMPLETE SOLID SOLUTION EUTECTIC DIAGRAM WITH NO SOLID SOLUTIONEUTECTIC DIAGRAM WITH LIMITED SOLID SOLUTIONEUTECTOID DIAGRAMPERITECTIC DIAGRAMGENERAL BINARY DIAGRAMS9.3 The Lever Rule9.4 Microstructural Development During Slow Cooling Time—The Third Dimension 10.1 Time—The Third Dimension10.2 The TTT DiagramDIFFUSIONAL TRANSFORMATIONSDIFFUSIONLESS (MARTENSITIC) TRANSFORMATIONSHEAT TREATMENT OF STEEL10.3 Hardenability10.4 Precipitation Hardening10.5 AnnealingCOLD WORKRECOVERYRECRYSTALLIZATIONGRAIN GROWTH10.6 The Kinetics of Phase Transformations for Nonmetals PART II: Materials and Their Applications Structural Materials—Metals, Ceramics, and Glasses 11.1 MetalsFERROUS ALLOYSNONFERROUS ALLOYS11.2 Ceramics and GlassesCERAMICS—CRYSTALLINE MATERIALSGLASSES—NONCRYSTALLINE MATERIALSGLASS-CERAMICS11.3 Processing the Structural MaterialsPROCESSING OF METALSPROCESSING OF CERAMICS AND GLASSES Structural Materials—Polymers and Composites PolymersPOLYMERIZATIONSTRUCTURAL FEATURES OF POLYMERSTHERMOPLASTIC POLYMERSTHERMOSETTING POLYMERSADDITIVES12.2 CompositesFIBER-REINFORCED COMPOSITESAGGREGATE COMPOSITESPROPERTY AVERAGINGMECHANICAL PROPERTIES OF COMPOSITES12.3 Processing the Structural MaterialsPROCESSING OF POLYMERSPROCESSING OF COMPOSITES Electronic Materials 13.1 Charge Carriers and Conduction13.2 Energy Levels and Energy Bands13.3 ConductorsTHERMOCOUPLESSUPERCONDUCTORS13.4 InsulatorsFERROELECTRICSPIEZOELECTRICS13.5 SemiconductorsINTRINSIC, ELEMENTAL SEMICONDUCTORSEXTRINSIC, ELEMENTAL SEMICONDUCTORSCOMPOUND SEMICONDUCTORSPROCESSING OF SEMICONDUCTORSSEMICONDUCTOR DEVICES13.6 Composites13.7 Electrical Classification of Materials Optical and Magnetic Materials 14.1 Optical MaterialsOPTICAL PROPERTIESOPTICAL SYSTEMS AND DEVICES14.2 Magnetic MaterialsFERROMAGNETISMFERRIMAGNETISMMETALLIC MAGNETSCERAMIC MAGNETS Materials in Engineering Design 15.1 Material Properties—Engineering Design Parameters15.2 Selection of Structural Materials—Case StudiesMATERIALS FOR HIP- AND KNEE-JOINT REPLACEMENTMETAL SUBSTITUTION WITH COMPOSITES15.3 Selection of Electronic, Optical, and Magnetic Materials—Case StudiesLIGHT-EMITTING DIODEGLASS FOR SMART PHONE AND TABLET TOUCHSCREENSAMORPHOUS METAL FOR ELECTRIC-POWERDISTRIBUTION15.4 Materials and Our EnvironmentENVIRONMENTAL DEGRADATION OF MATERIALSENVIRONMENTAL ASPECTS OF DESIGN RECYCLING AND REUSE APPENDIX1: Physical and Chemical Data for the ElementsAPPENDIX 2: Atomic and Ionic Radii of the ElementsAPPENDIX 3: Constants and Conversion Factors and the Periodic Table of ElementsAPPENDIX 4: Properties of the Structural MaterialsAPPENDIX 5: Properties of the Electronic, Optical, and Magnetic MaterialsAPPENDIX 6: Glossary Answers to Practice Problems (PP) and Odd-Numbered Problems Index