Introduction to Geochemistry

KULA C. MISRA is a Professor of Geology (Emeritus) at the University of Tennessee where he has taught geochemistry, economic geology, and environmental geology for more than 30 years. He received a M.Tech degree in Applied Geology from the Indian Institute of Technology (Kharagpur) and, after working for about ten years as a field geologist, a Ph.D. degree in Geology from the University of Western Ontario (Canada). His research papers have been published in several professional journals, and he is the author of the textbook Understanding Mineral Deposits published in the year 2000. He is a member of several professional organizations and has served as a consultant to corporations and government agencies on subjects related to mineral deposits and environmental geochemistry.

• Preface xiii1 Introduction 1Part I Crystal Chemistry 72 Atomic Structure 93 Chemical Bonding 23Part II Chemical Reactions 494 Basic Thermodynamic Concepts 515 Thermodynamics of Solutions 796 Geothermometry and Geobarometry 1077 Reactions Involving Aqueous Solutions 1348 Oxidation–Reduction Reactions 1679 Kinetics of Chemical Reactions 197Part III Isotope Geochemistry 22310 Radiogenic Isotopes 22511 Stable Isotopes 253Part IV The Earth Supersystem 28112 The Core–Mantle–Crust System 28313 The Crust–Hydrosphere–Atmosphere System 326Appendix 1 Units of measurement and physical constants 372Appendix 2 Electronic configurations of elements in ground state 374Appendix 3 First ionization potential, electron affinity, electronegativity (Pauling scale), and coordination numbers of selected elements 377Appendix 4 Thermodynamic symbols 379Appendix 5 Standard state (298.15 K, 105 Pa) thermodynamic data for selected elements, ionic species, and compounds 382Appendix 6 Fugacities of H2O and CO2 in the range 0.5–10.0 kbar and 200–1000°C 396Appendix 7 Equations for activity coefficients in multicomponent regular solid solutions 398Appendix 8 Some commonly used computer codes for modeling of geochemical processes in aqueous solutions 400Appendix 9 Solar system abundances of the elements in units of number of atoms per 106 silicon atoms 402Appendix 10 Answers to selected chapter–end questions 403References 406Index 431

“This is a good book to study if you want to build your understanding of geochemistry on a solid quantitative footing.”  (Open University Geological Society Journal, 1 May 2013)“Overall, this seems to be a useful book for its intended audience . . . I would recommend the book to those outside of geochemistry to expand their knowledge of the topic before entering the subject matter at a higher level.”  (Chromatographia, 28 March 2013) “Summing Up:  Recommended.  Graduate students and above.”  (Choice, 1 January 2013)“Overall this is an impressively thorough and up-to-date text that is aimed at the ‘geological’ geochemist and I would certainly recommend it to such an audience.”  (Geological Magazine, 2012)