In Search of Parenthood

• Preface to New Edition Acknowledgments Introduction Part I: The Trauma of Infertility 1. The Drive to Have Children Personal and Social Pressures Why Not Adopt? The Pressure to Keep Trying 2. Feelings of Grief The Grief Process Grief with Secondary Infertility and Pregnancy Loss Resolution Part II: The Methods 3. Artificial Insemination AIH and AID: Responses to Infertility The Donor An Experience of Donor Insemination Keeping AID Secret Single heterosexual and Lesbian Women 4. In VitroFertilization Success Rates An Experience of IVF The Risks of IVF 5. Surrogacy An Experience with Surrogacy Screening Couples and Surrogate Mothers The Relationship Between Surrogate Mother and Couple Problems with Surrogacy 6. The Rise and Fall of Ovum Transfer: A Cautionary Tale Ovum Transfer as an Infertility Treatment The Commercialization of Ovum Transfer The Fall of OT Ovum Transfer for Prenatal Diagnosis Part III: Significant Others 7. Donors and Surrogate Mothers Who Becomes a Donor or Surrogate Mother? The Ideal Donor, the Ideal Surrogate Mother Finding One's Own Donor Risks for Egg Donors and Surrogate Mothers Risks for Sperm Donors Donors and Recipients 8. The Professionals Professionals and Their Motives The Power of Professionals Meeting the Needs of Clients Stresses on Professionals Part IV: Effects on the Family 9. The Couple Stresses on the Couple Men and Women: Different Responses Inequalities Effects of Stress 10. High-Tech Children Special Problems for the Children The Search The Child's Relationship to the Donor or Surrogate Mother Telling the Child Single Heterosexual and Gay Parents The Family 11. Reactions of Others Responses of Friends and Family Public Responses Reasons for Disapproval Groups in Opposition Coping with Disapproval Conclusion Scenarios for the Future What Should Be Done? Notes Index

"Anyone considering a new method of conception or struggling to resolve infertility should read this book. The authors point to the need for more public discussion of infertility and more social support groups for the infertile. Reading and discussing this book is a first step. It is also an excellent supplementary text for courses in human sexuality, sex and gender roles, women and society, or medical ethics, and is guaranteed to provoke lively class discussion." --Contemporary Sociology "This book will be useful for several audiences. Infertile women and men considering the new reproductive technologies will find this book an invaluable resource. Health professionals working with infertility patients will find that the book offers helpful insights into the experiences and concerns of their clients. Finally, researchers studying infertility will find this book to be a rich source of interesting hypotheses." --Contemporary Psychology "Lasker and Borg present a thoughtful and sensitive examination of the world of the new reproductive technologies. Most importantly, they offer us the voices of the women and men who have been there: in infertility clinics, in in vitro programs, in so-called 'surrogacy' contracts. They share with us the success and failure, joy and grief of our brave new world of reproduction." --Barbara Katz Rothman, author of The Tentative Pregnancy: Prenatal Diagnosis and the Future of Motherhood