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In this incisive analysis, Sredanovic compares and contrasts the experiences of citizenship and integration policies in the UK and Belgium.In-depth interviews with officials illuminate both the everyday application of approaches to citizenship and integration, and their evolution in recent years. By examining the levels of discretion that exist within the two countries’ systems, this book explores the variations within the implementation processes. The first comparative work of its kind, this book goes beyond the analysis of legislation to explore how citizenship and integration policies are applied on the frontline.
Djordje Sredanovic is an FNRS postdoctoral fellow at the Group for Research on Ethnic Relations, Migration and Equality at the Université Libre de Bruxelles.
1. IntroductionCitizenship and integration: rights and inequalityCultural conformity and legal guarantees: citizenship and integration in EuropeImplementation: law in actionMethodContents of the book2. Citizenship in the UKHistory and policy: discretion and cultural conformityNationality Checking Services: citizenship on the territoryCitizenship implementation in the Home OfficeConclusion: cultural conformity, discretion and routinization3. Nationality in BelgiumHistory and policy: cultural conformity and the documentary approachParquets, registers and the implementation of nationalityGeographic variationConclusion: not much discretion, but not much uniformity either4. Integration in BelgiumHistory and policy: separate models of integrationCRIs and the implementation of integration in WalloniaThe determination of individual needsConclusion: integration, uncertainty and flexibility5. Comparative AnalysesMigration policies behind the frontlineThe spaces of discretionFactors of variationConclusion: how applying the law changes it6. ConclusionsPolitical implicationsThe future of citizenship and integrationPolicy recommendations