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The organized protection of animals and the necessity of meat in the human diet are grounded in an ideology of progress that had clearly emerged by the eighteenth century. Stone examines the changing status of animals, increased meat consumption, the nation-state's role in animal protection, and the emergence of non-governmental organizations dedicated to animal protection. This work emphasizes that animal protection and increased meat consumption occur with the expansion of world-level culture and that culture's ideology of progress. This world culture defines animal protection, including the alleviation of pain and suffering, as a necessary value and a goal of a progressive culture and its citizens. Yet, this same culture defines meat consumption, which is perceived as a dietary necessity and indicative of socio-economic development, as another characteristic of a progressive culture and its citizens. While this work examines the dual consumption and protection of animals, Stone also directs attention toward the human population growth and patterns of food production, distribution, and consumption.
Lora Stone is Assistant Professor of Sociology at the University of St. Francis.
Part 1 IntroductionChapter 2 Population, Consumption, and Protection 5Chapter 3 Population and FoodChapter 4 Patterns of Food Production, Distribution, and ConsumptionChapter 5 Emergence of Animal ProtectionChapter 6 Understanding Meat Consumption and Animal ProtectionChapter 7 Animal Protection and the Ideology of Progress 16Chapter 8 Before Animal ProtectionChapter 9 Changes in the Moral Status of AnimalsChapter 10 The Context of Public PerceptionChapter 11 The Idea of ProgressChapter 12 Increased Meat Consumption and the Ideology of Progress 36Chapter 13 Eating MeatChapter 14 Eating More MeatChapter 15 Meat Consumption in the Twentieth CenturyChapter 16 Explaining IncreasesChapter 17 Meat Consumption and Animal ProtectionChapter 18 Animal Protection and the Nation-State 52Chapter 19 Early Regulation of Animal SlaughterChapter 20 Early Animal ProtectionChapter 21 Animal Protection in the Twentieth CenturyChapter 22 Animal Protection and Non- Governmental Organizations 79Chapter 23 Defining NGOsChapter 24 Culture and NGOsChapter 25 Animal Protection and NGOsPart 26 Conclusion: The Rise of Protection and Decline of Consumption 96Chapter 27 Animal Protection as a Characteristic of ProgressChapter 28 Meat Consumption as a Characteristic of ProgressChapter 29 Animal Protection and World CulturePart 30 ReferencesPart 31 Index