Using a wide range of previously unpublished archival, written, and visual sources, Hungarian Women’s Activism in the Wake of the First World War offers the first gendered history of the aftermath of the First World War in Hungary.The book examines women’s activism during the post-war revolutions and counter-revolution. It describes the dynamic of the period’s competing, liberal, Christian-conservative, socialist, radical socialist, and right-wing nationalistic women’s movements and pays special attention to women activists of the Right. In this original study, Judith Szapor goes on to convincingly argue that illiberal ideas on family and gender roles, tied to the nation’s regeneration and tightly woven into the fabric of the interwar period’s right-wing, extreme nationalistic ideology, greatly contributed to the success of Miklós Horthy’s regime. Furthermore the book looks at the long shadow that anti-liberal, nationalist notions of gender and family cast on Hungarian society and provides an explanation for their persistent appeal in the post-Communist era. This is an important text for anyone interested in women’s history, gender history and Hungary in the 20th century.
Judith Szapor is Assistant Professor of History at McGill University, Canada. She is the author of The Hungarian Pocahontas; The Life and Times of Laura Polanyi Stricker, 1882-1959 (2005) and co-editor, along with Andrea Peto, Maura Hametz and Marina Calloni, of Jewish Intellectual Women in Central Europe, 1860-2000 (2012).
List of IllustrationsAcknowledgmentsList of AbbreviationsTimelineIntroduction: From Rights to Revanche1. The Promise of Progress: Women's Rights and Women's Movements in Hungary, 1904-182. Between the Private and the Public: The Hungarian Women's Debating Club3. Did Hungarian Women have a Revolution?4. To Regenerate the Hungarian Family and the Nation5. The Political is Personal: The Friendships and Fallings-Out of Emma Ritoók6. A Perfect Storm of CitizenshipConclusion: The Long Shadow of Cecile TormayBibliography Index
Szapor’s book is a remarkably important contribution that focuses on women’s history from the “golden age” of liberal organizations to the madness of antisemitism. Certain elements of the book’s concept, as well as some of the evidence cited to support it, remain open to debate, yet the concept itself is outstandingly promising. The model also appears to be suitable for implementation in researching other forms of political transition.