"This is a disturbing account of a crime that has plagued humankind throughout recorded history. As Alvarez (criminal justice, Northern Arizona Univ.) notes, Genocides do not suddenly happen, nor are they precipitated by age-old animosity between groups. Rather, they are the result of conscious choices made by political and military leaders. The author then takes the reader on an excursion into the political, social, legal, and military justifications employed by governments in the 20th century to justify mass killings of essentially innocent human beings. He begins his investigation with the massacre of the Armenians in Turkey after WW I and ends with a discussion of the Balkan genocides in the 1990s. The author goes into meticulous detail about the Nazi and Imperial Japanese mass killings in WW II, Stalin's great purges of the Russian peasantry in the 1930s, and the Cambodian genocide by the Pol Pot regime in the 1970s. Alvarez maintains that nationalism and the concept of sovereignty are driving forces behind most acts of genocide. Academic collections.November 2001"—J. C. Watkins, Jr., University of Alabama