Game and Graphics Programming for iOS and Android with OpenGL ES 2.0

Romain Marucchi-Foino is the original author and founder of the popular mobile game engine SIO2. Formerly a desktop game engine developer, Romain is currently the lead 3D engine programmer for sio2interactive.com, the official developer of the SIO2 Engine, which powers thousands of games and 3D applications throughout the App Store and the Android market. Wrox guides are crafted to make learning programming languages and technologies easier than you think. Written by programmers for programmers, they provide a structured, tutorial format that guides you through all the techniques involved.

• INTRODUCTION xviiCHAPTER 1: GETTING STARTED 1Software Requirements 2For iOS Developers 2For Android Developers 2Downloading the Book’s SDK 4Importing Projects 5For iOS Developers 5For Android Developers 5The Template 7Summary 8CHAPTER 2: SETTING UP YOUR GRAPHIC PROJECTIONS 9The Three Basic Types of Projections 10Orthographic 2D Projection 11Program and Project Initialization 12Vertex and Fragment Shader 14Linking a Shader Program 17The Drawing Code 19Orthographic Projection 23Getting Orthographic 23Perspective Projection 26Summary 27CHAPTER 3: DEALING WITH COMPLEX GEOMETRY 29The Wavefront File Format 29Cube.obj 30Cube.mtl 31Preparing the OBJ Viewer Code 31Loading an OBJ 32Building the Shaders 35The Vertex Shader 35The Fragment Shader 36Vertex Buffer Object 36Storing the Vertex Data 37Building the Vertex Data Array VBO 38Building the Element Array VBO 39Building the VAO 40Rendering Momo 42Handling Touche 44Per-Vertex Lighting 46Vertex Shader Light Calculation 46Modifying the Fragment Shader 47More Uniforms 48Making Momo Furrier 50Loading the Texture 50Adjusting the Vertex Data 51Adding UV Support to the Vertex Shader 52Adding Texture Support to Your Fragment Shader 53Binding the Texture 53Summary 54CHAPTER 4: BUILDING A SCENE 57Handling Multiple Objects 58The Code Structure 58Loading and Drawing the Scene 59The Shaders Code 63The Different Object Types 64The Drawing Sequence 64Fixing the Scene 65Uber Shader 65Using Your Uber Shader 66Render Loop Objects Categorization 69Double-Sided 71Per-PixelLighting 73Making the Vertex Shader Even Fatter 73Getting the Fragment Shader More Uber 74Wrapping Up the Implementation 76Summary 79CHAPTER 5: OPTIMIZATION 81The Base App 82Triangles to Triangle Strips 82Building Triangle Strips 83Texture Optimization 84Adding 16-Bit Texture Conversion 85PVR Texture Compression 86Faking Details 87Bump Mapping Implementation 87Precision Qualifiers Optimization 88The Normal Map Lighting Calculation 90Adding Specularity 91Geometry and Shaders LOD 92Texture Atlas 93Managing States in Software 94Automatic Shader Optimization 94Summary 95CHAPTER 6: REAL-TIME PHYSICS 97Types of Physical Objects 98Physics Shapes 98Using Bullet 100Hello Physics 100Collision Callbacks, Triggers, and Contacts 105Contact-Added Callback 105Near Callback 107Contact Points 1082D Physics 110More Shapes! 110Building the Physical Objects 113Camera Tracking 114User Interactions 116The Game Logic 1173D Physics 120The Bullet File Format 1203D Pinball Game 122Summary 127CHAPTER 7: CAMERA 129Touch and Go! 130The Camera Frustum 132How to Build the Frustum 133Frustum Clipping Implementation 134More Clipping Functions 135Camera Fly Mode 136First-Person Camera with Collision Detection 1403D Camera Tracking 143Third-Person Camera with Collision 145Summary 149CHAPTER 8: PATHFINDING 151Recast and Detour 151Navigation 152Creating the Navigation Mesh 1533D Physics Picking 155Player’s Auto Drive 159Visualizing the Way Points 161Catch Me If You Can! 163Know Your Enemy 165Game State Logic 167Summary 170CHAPTER 9: AUDIO AND OTHER COOL GAME PROGRAMMING STUFF 171OpenAL 172OGG Vorbis 173Hello World OpenAL Style 174Initializing OpenAL 174Static In-Memory Sound Playback 175Positional Sound Source 176Piano Game 178Loading a Static and Streamed Sound 178Color Picking 182Piano Game Logic 185Final Adjustments 188Rolling Ball Game 190GFX Shaders 190Linking the Positional Sound Sources 191Accelerometer-Driven Camera 195Cheap FX 198Game Logic and Tweaks 200Summary 205CHAPTER 10: ADVANCED LIGHTING 207Types of Lamps 208Let There Be Light 208Directional Lamp Shader 211Struct as Uniforms 214Point Light 217Point Light Shader Code 218Light Attenuation 221Point Light with Attenuation Code 222The Attenuation Uniforms 223Spherical Point Light 224Tweaking the Point Light Code 225Spot Light 227Spot Light Shader Code 229Multiple Lights 231Making the Shader Program Dynamic 233Summary 234CHAPTER 11: ADVANCED FX 237Render to Texture 238Post-Processing Effects 238First Rendering Pass 241Second Pass 242Fullscreen Pass and Blur Shader 243Projected Texture 246Projector Shader 249Projected Real-Time Shadows 250Casting Shadows Using the Depth Texture 253A Few More Words about the Frame Buffer Object 254Particles 255Summary 257CHAPTER 12: SKELETAL ANIMATION 259Traditional vs. Modern Animation Systems 260The MD5 File Format 261Loading an MD5 Mesh 261Animating the Mesh 264LERP 266SLERP 267Blending Animation 267Additive Blending 269Summary 271INDEX 273