Fundamentals of Database Management Systems

Dr. Mark L. Gillenson has been practicing, researching, teaching, writing, and, most importantly, thinking, about data and database management for over twentyfive years, split between working for the IBM Corporation and being a professor in the academic world. While working for IBM, he designed databases for IBM's corporate headquarters, consulted on database issues for some of IBM's largest customers, taught database management at the prestigious IBM Systems Research Institute in New York, and conducted database seminars throughout the United States and on four continents. In one such seminar, he taught introduction to database to an IBM development group that went on to develop one of IBM's first relational database management system products, SQL/DS. Dr. Gillenson conducted some of the earliest studies on data and database administration and has written extensively about the subject as well as about database design. He is an associate editor of the Journal of Database Management, with which he has been associated since its inception. This is his third book on database management, all published by John Wiley & Sons, Inc. He has also written Strategic Planing, Systems Analysis, and Database Design (1984) with Robert Goldberg and Database Step-by-Step (1985, 1990). Dr. Gillenson is currently a professor of MIS in the Fogelman College of Business and Economics of The University of Memphis. His degrees are from Rensselaer Polytechnic Institute and The Ohio State University. Oh, and speaking of interesting kinds of data, as a graduate student Dr. Gillenson invented the world's first computerized facial compositor and codeveloped an early computer graphics system that, among other things, was used to produce some of the special effects in the first Star Wars movie.

• Preface. About the Author. Chapter 1. Data: The New Corporate Resource. The History of Data. The Origins of Data. Data Through the Ages. Early Data Problems Spawn Calculating Devices. Swamped with Data. Modern Data Storage Media. Data in Today's Information Systems Environment. Using Data for Competitive Advantage. Problems in Storing and Accessing Data. Data as a Corporate Resource. The Database Environment. Chapter 2. Simple File Storage and Retrieval. What Is Data? Important Objects and Facts. Records and Files. Basic Concepts in Storing and Retrieving Data. Retrieving and Manipulating Data. Disk Storage. The Need for Disk Storage. How Disk Storage Works, File Organizations and Access Methods. The Goal: Locating a Record. The Index. Hashed Files. Chapter 3. Data Modeling. Introduction. Binary Relationships. What Is a Binary Relationship? Cardinality. Modality. More About Many-to-Many Relationships. Unary Relationships. One-to-One Unary Relationship. One-to-Many Unary Relationship. Many-to-Many Unary Relationship. Ternary Relationships. Examples. The General Hardware Company. Good Reading Bookstores. World Music Association. Lucky Rent-A-Car. Chapter 4. The Database Management System Concept. The Database Concept. Data as a Manageable Resource. Data Integration and Data Redundancy. Multiple Relationships. Data Control Issues. Data Independence. DBMS Approaches. Chapter 5. The Relational Database Model: Introduction. The Relational Database Concept. Relational Terminology. Primary and Candidate Keys. Foreign Keys and Binary Relationships. Data Retrieval from a Relational Database. Extracting Data from a Relation. The Relational Select Operator. The Relational Project Operator. Combination of the Relational Select and Project Operators. Extracting Data Across Multiple Relations: Data Integration. Example: Good Reading Bookstores. Example: World Music Association. Example: Lucky Rent-A-Car. Chapter 6. The Relational Database Model: Additional Concepts. Relational Structures for Unary and Ternary Relationships. Unary One-to-Many Relationships. Unary Many-to-Many Relationships. Ternary Relationships. Referential Integrity. The Referential Integrity Concept. Three Delete Rules. Chapter 7. Logical Database Design. Converting E-R Diagrams into Relational Tables. Introduction. Converting a Simple Entity. Converting Entities in Binary Relationships. Converting Entities in Unary Relationships. Converting Entities in Ternary Relationships. Designing the General Hardware Company Database. Designing the Good Reading Bookstores Database. Designing the World Music Association Database. Designing the Lucky Rent-A-Car Database. The Data Normalization Process. Introduction to the Data Normalization Technique. Steps in the Data Normalization Process. General Hardware Company Example. Good Reading Bookstores Example. World Music Association Example. Lucky Rent-A-Car Example. Testing Tables Converted from E-R Diagrams with Data Normalization. Chapter 8. Physical Database Design. Inputs to Physical Database Design. The Tables Produced by the Logical Database Design Process. Business Environment Requirements. Data Characteristics. Application Characteristics. Operational Requirements: Data Security, Backup and Recovery. Hardware and Software Characteristics. Physical Database Design Techniques. Adding External Features. Reorganizing Stored Data. Splitting a Table into Multiple Tables. Changing Attributes in a Table. Adding Attributes to a Table. Combining Tables. Adding New Tables. Example: Good Reading Bookstores. Example: World Music Association. Example: Lucky Rent-A-Car. Chapter 9. Relational Data Retrieval: SQL. SQL Commands. Building the Data Structure. Data Manipulation Operations. Data Retrieval with the SQL SELECT Command. Introduction to the SQL SELECT Command. Basic Functions. Built-In Functions. Grouping Rows. The Join. Subqueries. A Strategy for Writing SQL SELECT Commands. Example: Good Reading Bookstores. Example: World Music Association. Example: Lucky Rent-A-Car. Relational Query Optimizer. Relational DBMS Performance. Relational Query Optimizer Concepts. Chapter 10. Object-Oriented Database Management. What's Missing in the Relational Database Concept? Introduction and Terminology. Complex Relationships. Generalization. Inheritance of Attributes. Operations, Inheritance of Operations, and Polymorphism. Aggregation. The General Hardware Company Class Diagram. The Good Reading Bookstores Class Diagram. The World Music Association Class Diagram. The Lucky Rent-A-Vehicle Class Diagram. Encapsulation. Abstract Data Types. Object/Relational Database. Chapter 11. Data Administration, Database Administration, and Data Dictionaries. The Advantages of Data and Database Administration. Data as a Shared Corporate Resource. Efficiency in Job Specialization. Operational Management of Data. Managing Externally Acquired Databases. Managing Data in the Decentralized Environment. The Responsibilities of Data Administration. Data Coordination. Data Planning. Data Standards. Liaison to Systems Analysts and Programmers. Training. Arbitration of Disputes and Usage Authorization. Documentation and Publicity. Data's Competitive Advantage. The Responsibilities of Database Administration. DBMS Performance Monitoring. DBMS Troubleshooting. DBMS Usage and Security Monitoring. Data Dictionary Operations. DBMS Data and Software Maintenance. Database Design. Data Dictionaries. Introduction. A Simple Example of Metadata. Passive and Active Data Dictionaries. Relational DBMS Catalogs. Data Repositories. Chapter 12. Database Control Issues: Security, Backup and Recovery, Concurrency. Data Security. The Importance of Data Security. Types of Data Security Breaches. Methods of Breaching Data Security. Types of Data Security Measures. Backup and Recovery. The Importance of Backup and Recovery. Backup Copies and Journals. Forward Recovery. Backward Recovery. Duplicate or Mirrored Databases. Disaster Recovery. Concurrency Control. The Importance of Concurrency Control. The Lost Update Problem. Locks and Deadlock. Versioning. Chapter 13. Client/Server Database and Distributed Database. Client/Server Database. Distributed Database. The Distributed Database Concept. Concurrency Control in Distributed Database. Distributed Joins. Partitioning or Fragmentation. Distributed Directory Management. Distributed DBMS Advantages and Disadvantages. Chapter 14. The Data Warehouse. The Data Warehouse Concept. The Data Is Subject Oriented. The Data Is Integrated. The Data Is Non-Volatile. The Data Is Time Variant. The Data Must Be High Quality. The Data May Be Aggregated. The Data Is Often Denormalized. The Data Is Not Necessarily Absolutely Current. Types of Data Warehouses. The Enterprise Data Warehouse (EDW). The Data Mart (DM). Which to Choose:The EDW, the DM, or Both? Designing a Data Warehouse. Introduction. General Hardware Company Data Warehouse. Good Reading Bookstores Data Warehouse. Lucky Rent-A-Car Data Warehouse. What about a World Music Association Data Warehouse? Building a Data Warehouse. Data Extraction. Data Cleaning. Data Transformation. Data Loading. Using a Data Warehouse. Online Analytic Processing. Data Mining. Administering a Data Warehouse. Challenges in Data Warehousing Chapter 15. Database and the Internet. Database Connectivity Issues. Expanded Set of Data Types. Database Control Issues. Performance. Availability. Scalability. Security and Privacy. Data Extraction into XML. Index.